農村婦女生產世界一半之糧食,卻是最貧困之婦女。渠等在獲得糧食、保健、教育、培訓、就業與其他需要等方面,往往機會最少;因為各國基於傳統社會與文化行為模式,將男女按照性別區分尊卑觀念,或是因為男女任務定型分工所產生之偏見、習俗與一切其他作法,而導致農村婦女在權利上無法受到保障。 1979年12月18日聯合國在第34屆大會通過《消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約》(CEDAW),是一部以女性人權為出發點,並且具有國際法法律約束力之人權公約。此公約第1條款即對婦女之歧視做出明確定義,並且闡明男女應在平等之基礎上認識、享有或行使在政治、經濟、社會、文化、公民或任何其他方面之人權與基本自由。而締約國應採取一切適當措施,包括制定法律,以修改或廢除構成對婦女歧視之現行法律、規章、習俗與慣例。 本論文係以CEDAW第14條款農村婦女權為探討主軸,架構共分為六章:第一章為緒論;第二章為探究婦女人權發展與農村婦女之權利問題;第三章介紹CEDAW農村婦女權之成立背景、內容與關於農村婦女權利之第34號一般性建議;第四章針對CEDAW農村婦女權在日本國之實踐進行研究;第五章檢視CEDAW農村婦女權在中華民國政府(台灣)之實踐;第六章為本論文之結論,就CEDAW農村婦女權在日本國與中華民國政府(台灣)對農村婦女保障之實際狀況做歸納,讓農村婦女權益透過法制度更加落實。
Rural women produce half of the food in the world, But They are the poorest women. Rural women have the least access to food, health, education, training and opportunities for employment and other needs, because each country based on tradition to modify the social and cultural patterns of conduct of men and women, with a view to achieving the elimination of prejudices and customary and all other practices which are based on the idea of the inferiority or the superiority of either of the sexes or on stereotyped roles for men and women, which led to rural women hurt on rights. The 34th United Nations General Assembly, by resolution, adopted the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women(CEDAW)on December 18, 1979. It is a female human rights as a starting and having a legally binding human rights conventions of international law. For Article 1 of the Convention, make a clear definition of discrimination against women, and to clarify the basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to modify or abolish existing laws, regulations, customs and practices which constitute discrimination against women. This thesis is based on the rights of rural women CEDAW Article 14 as the spindle, the content structure is divided into six chapters:Chapter I. Introduction, Chapter II. Study on development of women's human rights and the rights of rural women, Chapter III. Introducing the background content of the rights of rural women in the CEDAW, and general recommendation No. 34 -- on the rights of rural women, Chapter IV. Studying the practice in Japan of the rights of rural women in CEDAW, Chapter V. Studying the practice in Republic of China government (Taiwan) of the rights of rural women in CEDAW, Chapter VI. The implementation of the rights of rural women of CEDAW in Japan and Republic of China government (Taiwan).
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