國際爭端和平解決之研究－以尼加拉瓜與哥斯大黎加聖胡安河爭端為例

Research on Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes: the case of San Juan River between Nicaragua and Costa Rica

蔡孟珊(Meng-Shan Tsai)

指導教授 ： 王秀琦

淡江大學/國際研究學院/美洲研究所碩士班/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2013.00518

摘要

二十一世紀的今日，隨著科技、通訊以及交通的發展，世界地球村已經形成。然而，伴隨著地球村各成員國關係日益密切，彼此之間的爭端、衝突也持續增多，準此，國際爭端和平解決的手段愈發受到國際社會的重視。本研究中首先探討國際爭端的定義與種類，接下來考究國際爭端和平解決義務的發展過程，最後分別說明與分析國際爭端和平解決的手段：非裁判性的解決方式、準裁判性的解決方式以及司法解決。

二○一○年十月，由於谷歌地球（Google Earth）錯將位於加勒比海的聖胡安河河口處的哥斯大黎的領土－卡萊羅島（Isla Calero）劃入尼加拉瓜，造成兩國關係緊張，戰火一觸即發，同時也使得糾纏兩百多年的歷史紛爭再度搬上國際舞台。本論文運用國際爭端和平解決的相關概念作為主軸，先釐清兩百多年來聖胡安河爭端的歷史背景，詳細敘述歷次條約、協議以及仲裁的背景與內容，並且探討爭端兩造及相關國際成員如何以和平的手段來解決此一國際爭端。

關鍵字

國際爭端 ； 和平解決手段 ； 尼加拉瓜 ； 哥斯大黎加 ； 聖胡安河

並列摘要

Nowadays, in the 21th century, with the developments of technologies, communications and transportation, the world has become a global village. However, because of the closer relationships between the members in the global village, relatively the disputes and conflicts are increasing at the same time; therefore, the peaceful settlement of international disputes also has obtained higher attention of the international society.

This research began with the definitions and classifications of international disputes, followed by the historical development of the obligation of the peaceful settlement of international disputes and the last part analyzed the different kinds of peaceful settlement, which are, negotiation, consultation, good offices, mediation, inquiry, conciliation, arbitration and judicial settlement.

In the October of 2010, due to an error of Google Earth, Calero Island, the island which belongs to Costa Rica, became Nicaragua's territory. Moreover, the relationship between these two countries got worse and tenser than ever. In addition, the case of Google Earth again brought out the historical dispute that has lasted more than two hundred years to the world stage.

This thesis applied the related concepts of peaceful settlement of international disputes as the main shaft to clarify the historical background, then explained in detail the content of every convention, agreement, and arbitration and used the concept of peaceful settlement to analyze and investigate them.

並列關鍵字

International Disputes ； Peaceful Settlement ； Nicaragua ； Costa Rica ； San Juan River

參考文獻

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