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  • 學位論文

從利害關係人觀點探討海洋觀光發展策略─以台北縣市藍色公路為例

The research on the development strategies of marine tourism from the stakeholders’ perspectives: a case study of the Blue Highway in Taipei area.

指導教授 : 陳志瑋

摘要


海洋觀光的研究,有助海洋產業的發展與平衡,本文以台北縣市藍色公路的海上觀光事業為個案,運用利害關係人理論與Gunn的觀光供給面理論分析,從事海洋觀光的成員對產業的發展前景。 本文從政策受益者、犧牲者以及制定者的互動情形中,分析是否因資源依賴程度不同而產生相異的產業發展見解,進而歸類本文的利害關係人類型。私部門方面包括四種類型:「資源依賴受益者」、「資源依賴犧牲者」、「資源自主受益者」,以及「資源自主犧牲者」;公部門方面為「政策制定者」,並透過深度訪談有關台北縣市藍色公路上經營或管理海洋觀光事業的七位公私部門成員,探討發展觀光五大供給面上的分歧點以及可改善的方向。 研究結論發現,在政策分配下,私部門會因資源多寡不同,而產生不同的發展模式,並與政策制定者之間各自有特殊的互動行為: 一、資源依賴受益者:政府提供該類利害關係者政策上的幫助與資源,但本身資源稀少因而更依賴政府幫助,並按政府意向從事產業發展。本文中漁民發展休閒漁業通常按政府方向而從事該活動。 二、資源依賴犧牲者:政府並不提供政策資源,因而該類型利害關係人在產業發展上通常依賴外部其他資源,因而容易產生產業外移現象。本文中遊艇事業則因缺乏法令與政策支持,轉變成以外銷為主的產業經營模式,因而對台灣本島海洋觀光發展無力發揮。 三、資源自主受益者:在政府提供政策的幫助下,該類型利害關係人與政府之間產生綿密的互動關係,加上本身的資金與資源充足,對於海洋觀光的發展亦有藍圖思維,因而對政府政策上的改變或規劃方向,具有影響力,本文中藍色公路的合格交通船對於改善河道上的相關問題,以及海上觀光發展,具有政策上的影響。 四、資源自主犧牲者:該類型利害關係人,以自行經營海洋觀光產業為主,政府對該類型的成員較少給予政策上的資源,利害關係人為了持續經營,會產生多元的運作發展以提高收益。本文中經營娛樂漁船的業者,本身必須擁有可發展海上觀光的資源與資金配合,並在獨自運作之下發展出許多特殊的觀光活動,吸引遊客前來。

並列摘要


The study of the marine tourism is helpful to the development and the balance of the ocean industry. This article is focused on the Blue Highway’s marine tourism of Taipei and Taipei County and applies the stakeholders’ theory and Gunn’s tourism supply-side theory to analyze and the marine tourism members’ development vision of the industry. This article aims to analyze whether the resource reliance leads to different industry development viewpoints from the interactions of the policy benefactors, victims, and makers and further to categorize stakeholders. The private sectors include resource reliance benefactors, resource reliance victims, independent resource benefactors, and independent resource victims. The public sectors include policy-makers and discuss the bifurcation of five major supply-sides of the development tourism and the improvement through the deep interview of the seven public or private sector members of the operation or the management of the marine tourism in Blue Highway of Taipei area. This research finds that in the policy distribution, different resource in private sectors lead to different development modes and individual interaction among the policy-makers. First, resource reliance benefactors will receive shareholders’ help and resource from the government. However, they have so little resource that they depend more on the government’s help and go on with the industry development according to the government’s aim. For example, the fishers develop their recreational fishery according to the government. Second, the government does not provide the policy resource for resource reliance victims. Therefore, such shareholders usually rely on the outer resource in the industry development--the industrial transference phenomenon. In this article, the yachting lacks the supports of the law and the policy and changes itself into the exportation. Thus, Taiwanese ocean tourism development can’t develop. Third, with the help of the government’s policy, independent resource benefactors’ shareholders interact well with the government. Besides, they have sufficient funds, resource, and thoughts on blueprints, so they influence the change and direction of the government’s policy. For instance, Blue Highway’s qualified boat transport has a great policy influence on the related problems how to improve the stream channel and on the ocean tourism development. Fourth, the shareholders of the independent resource victims run the ocean tourism automatically. The government gives less policy resource to them. To keep on operating, shareholders will operate diversely to increase the benefits. The business owners of running the recreational fishing boats must own developable ocean tourism resource and funds and develop many special tourism activities in the independent operation to attract the visitors to come.

參考文獻


陳志泰(2001),《不同利害關係人對組織績效指標重要性認知差異之研究-以營建機電工程業為例》,中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
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孫以濬(2003),台北都會區整體運輸規劃之研究(二), 台北市:台北市政府交通局。
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被引用紀錄


鄭榮發(2012)。利害關係人理論應用於台灣地籍清理之案例研究〔碩士論文,長榮大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2012.00192
王惠琪(2013)。跨域治理理論之比較分析--以兩個個案為例〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2013.02106

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