幻想、快感、陰謀論：《腦界魔法師》、《駭客任務》與網路文化之精神分析批判

Fantasy, Enjoyment and Conspiracy: A Psychoanalytic Critique of Neuromancer, The Matrix, and Cyberculture

陳玉珊(Yu-shan Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃涵榆

淡江大學/外國語文學院/英文學系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2008.00655

摘要

本論文針對當前電腦龐克小說及塞爆文化中具現的偏執狂與陰謀論進行批判性研究。第一張旨在討論威廉•吉普生的《腦內魔法師》、華卓斯基兄弟的《駭客任務三部曲》及其他當代文化文本中的後現代病徵。第二章闡述布希亞的「三位一體」概念(擬像─內爆─超真實)與齊傑克精神分析理論中的「互為主體性」之間的連結，以說明當代主體之被動性。第三章藉由詮釋好萊塢「邊緣電影」如《楚門的世界》、《陰森林》及《駭客任務》， 探討偏執狂與陰謀論如何體現後現代快感社會之意識形態幻想。本文檢視電腦龐克小說及塞爆文化所具現之後現代社會失落(loss)、懷舊(nostalgia)、時空錯亂(spatio-temporal disorientation)、資訊過載(information overload)及「匱乏的匱乏」(lack of lack)等現象，並期望透過認同病徵(identification with the symptom)探討後現代主體的深層幻想，藉此找尋在塞爆空間「超越幻界」(work through the fantasy)的可能性。

關鍵字

腦內魔法師 ； 駭客任務 ； 超真實 ； 後現代主義 ； 相互主體性 ； 偏執狂 ； 幻想 ； 他者

並列摘要

This thesis offers a critical study of paranoia and conspiracy in contemporary cyberpunk and cyberculture. Chapter 1 examines the postmodern phenomena in William Gibson's Neuromancer, the Wachowski brothers' The Matrix Trilogy and other cultural texts. Chapter 2 relates Baudrillard's "holy trinity"─"simulations," "implosion," and "hyperreality"─with Žižek's psychoanalytic theory of "interpassivity" to examine the passive condition of contemporary subjectivity. In Chapter 3, the discussion goes to a psychoanalytic reading on "the Edge of the Construct" films like The Truman Show, The Village, and The Matrix wherein the proliferation of paranoiac conspiracy theories demonstrates the ideological fantasy in the postmodern society of enjoyment. Based on the belief that cyberpunk and cyberculture exemplify the postmodern symptoms of endless "losses," nostalgia, spatio-temporal disorientation, information overload and hence the anxiety of "lack of lack" in a computer-saturated world, this thesis provides a symptomatic reading of these phenomena, from which we can achieve a closer understanding of the innermost fantasies of the postmodern subjects, hence the possibility to penetrate and "work through" the fantasies in cyberspace.

並列關鍵字

Neuromancer ； The Matrix ； hyperreality ； postmodernism ； interpassivity ； paranoia ； fantasy ； Other

參考文獻

---. Working through the Unbearable Ambivalence: On the Technological Subject, Space and Time in Cyberpunk and Cyberculture. Doctoral dissertation. National Taiwan University, December 2001.

Poster, Mark. “Postmodern Virtualities.” Ed. Mike Featherstone and Roger Burrows. Cyberspace/ Cyberbodies / Cyberpunk: Cultures of Technological Embodiment. London: Sage, 1995. 79-95.

---, and Barbara Kennedy, eds. The Cybercultures Reader. London: Routledge, 2000.

Lacan, Jacques. The Seminar of Jacques Lacan, Book XI: The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psycho-analysis. Trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: W. W. Norton, 1981.

Baudrillard, Jean. Simulacra and Simulation. Trans. Sheila Faria Grazier. Ann Arbor: U. of Michigan P, 1994.