中彰投地區戴奧辛與多環芳香烴之宿命與風險評估

The Fate and Risk Assessment of Dioxins and PAHs in countries of central Taiwan

黃則豪(Ze-Hao Huang)

指導教授 ： 陳俊成

淡江大學/工學院/水資源及環境工程學系碩士班/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2009.00745

摘要

本研究選擇選擇中彰投地區作為模擬區域，利用鄭光榮(2007)發展的八介質都市多介質模式，將空氣層分為50M以下及50M以上等九個介質，並模擬戴
奧辛與多環芳香烴在環境中的濃度分佈。
以中彰投地區為模擬區域，模擬戴奧辛與多環芳香烴經排放源排放至空氣介質後，經由空氣、水體、土壤、底泥、魚體、懸浮固體、植披及有機膜等九個環境介質間之傳輸，推估出污染物於介質之宿命；並與國內其他實測作比較接著利用推估出之各介質濃度，以人體多介質暴露模式進行人體健康風險評估，評估模擬之污染物對本區域之民眾的終身致癌風險。

本研究模擬結果歸納如下：
1. 戴奧辛於各環境介質中，有機膜介質之濃度最高、空氣50公尺以上介質濃度最低；多環芳香烴於各環境介質中，有機膜介質濃度最高、空氣50公尺以上介質濃度最低。
2. 戴奧辛經排放源排放至空氣後絕大部分經空氣介質之對流機制衰減移除，而多環芳香烴則是經空氣介質之反應及對流兩種機制衰減移除。
3. 污染物於空氣介質在短時間內可達平衡，土壤、底泥及懸浮固體則需較長時間才可達到平衡，達平衡之時間約與污染物在各介質中之半生期時間相近。
4. 吸入、攝入及皮膚吸收為人體三大暴露途徑，本研究模擬兩污染物結果顯示攝入為主要暴露途徑，終身致癌風險值皆高於一般風險限值，戴奧辛男性致癌風險為1.93×10-6、女性致癌風險為1.85×10-6

關鍵字

戴奧辛 ； PAHs ； 多介質傳輸 ； 風險評估

並列摘要

Abstract:
This study select a simulation of the central Taiwan,and use Cheng(2007) the development of eight medium urban multi-media model , the air layer is divided into more than 50M and less than 50M over the following nine media, and simulate Dioxin and PAHs in the environment of the concentration distribution.
In this study, Central Taiwan area was selected as a simulated area, simulated the fate of PCDD/Fs and PAHs in the environment media such as air, water, soil, sediment, fish, suspend solid, vegetation and organic film. With other measured for comparison. The results from the multimedia transport model were then used for the subsequent risk assessment with a Multimedia Total Dose Analysis Model.
1. For accumulated quantity of PCDD/Fs and PAHs in compartments, PCDD/Fs has the least accumulated mass in Air 50 meters above the media; PAHs has the least accumulated mass in Air 50 meters above the media; PCDD/Fs and PAHs have the largest concentration on the organic film media.
2. The major sink of PCDD/Fs was the convection in air compartment; The major sink of PAHs was convection and reaction in air compartment.
3. The shortest persistence time of pollutants occurred in air compartment, and the longer persistence time occurred in soil, sediment and suspend solid. The persistence time was the same as pollutants half-life in each media.
4. From the three exposed way, inhalation, take-in and skin absorption, it was found that intake is the main exposed way for Dioxin and PAHs. For Dioxin, the carcinogenic risk of the male is 1.93×10-6 and is 1.85×10-6 for female.

並列關鍵字

Dioxin ； PAHs ； multimedia transport ； risk assessment

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