童年期目睹婚姻暴力之女性三代間母女依附關係之研究

Mother-daughter attachment among three generations for childhood witness family violence women

江琪彬(Chi-Pin Chiang)

指導教授 ： 洪素珍

淡江大學/教育學院/教育心理與諮商研究所碩士班/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2007.00653

摘要

本研究基於依附關係在人類發展中的重要性，實際從童年期目睹婚姻暴力之女性與其母親及女兒三代間的依附關係，來探討在婚姻暴力家庭中女性的成長經驗，並從依附理論的角度，探討婚姻暴力中母女關係的議題。因此本研究所形成的三個問題意識如下：
1、理解女性童年期目睹兒其原生家庭的母女關係圖像。
2、理解女性童年期目睹兒與其女兒的關係圖像。
3、探討女性童年期目睹兒的原生家庭母女依附經驗對其本身養育女兒之依附經驗的影響。

研究者以詮釋學觀點的深度訪談（in-depth interview）進行本研究。詮釋學（Hermeneutics）對於現實（realities）的敘說建構是關乎意義的，而不只是事實的再現。研究者帶著瞭解新事物所必然的先前理解（pre-understanding），來理解研究參與者的視域（horizon），在理解的過程中，研究者也將自己視為反省的對象而反省自己的主觀性（reflexive thinking），並經由詮釋循環（hermeneutic circle）及透過研究中視域融合（fusion of horizons）的共構意義（construct）過程，使雙方都對談話的主題有新的理解。研究參與者為阿芳與小翠一對母女。

研究結果發現：
阿芳由與母親（及重要他人）的依附關係中形成對自己,以及對他人的觀感、面對處理負面感受的方式；阿芳與母親的關係感受在阿芳婚後，因為自己的婚姻衝突受到母親支持以及養育女兒的經驗,而經歷到轉變；中年以後，阿芳由追求信仰的過程中，經驗到溫暖,有支持性的人際關係,及穩定安全環境，而使內在工作模式受到轉化。

小翠由與阿芳（及重要他人）的依附關係形成對自己,以及對他人的觀感、面對處理負面感受的方式，而小翠面對家庭暴力的議題發展出較明顯的創傷反應。

阿芳和小翠的依附型態都傾向不安全依附的類型。兩人對彼此的母女關係有許多相似的看法，包括：對母女情感的相似形容；強調經濟物質的照顧層面；阿芳對小翠的情感認同；母親負向口語表達的習慣。但兩人所處不同的發展階段以及個別內在保護因子的不同，也影響兩人對「忍耐」的價值觀、以及對信仰和婚姻有不同的看法。

關鍵字

婚姻暴力 ； 目睹婚姻暴力兒童 ； 依附關係

並列摘要

This research is to explore the development of women who witnessed family violence in childhood, according to a particular witness’ mother-daughter attachment in three generations, and to study mother-daughter relationship issues based on Attachment Theory. Three subjects of concern raised in this research are as follows:
1. To understand the witness’ mother-daughter relationship in her original family.
2. To understand the mother-daughter relationship between the witness and her daughter.
3. To examine the effects of mother-daughter attachment in the witness’ original family onto her relationship with her daughter.

In-depth interview with hermeneutics perspective was employed in this research. Hermeneutics concerns more on meaning than on re-presenting facts when describing realities. The researcher has apprehended the subjects’ horizons based on pre-understanding. The researcher’s reflexive thinking was also involved in the process. Through hermeneutic circle and the fusion of horizons constructing process, the subjects and the researcher both have come to a new understanding on the topics of conversation. The subjects in this research are Fong (mother) and Tsuei (daughter).

The results of this research are as follows:
The attachment between Fong and Mother (and significant others) has developed her perceptions of herself and others, and the way she deals with negative feelings. Her relationship with Mother has changed along with Mother’s support given in her marriage conflicts, and along with her daughter raising experience. Fong has started to seek for belief in her middle age, and has experienced warm, supportive interpersonal relationship and security environment. Her internal working model has therefore been transformed.

The attachment between Tsuei and Fong (and significant others) has developed Tsuei’s perceptions of herself and others, and the way she deals with negative feelings. It turns out that Tsuei’s trauma reactions to family violence issues are more obvious.

Both Fong and Tsuei’s attachment patterns tend to be unsecured ones. They share common opinions on their mother-daughter relationship in many ways, including giving similar description of mother-daughter emotions, emphasizing financial support, Fong’s emotional identity to Tsuei, Mothers’ negative verbal expression habits, etc. On the other hand, their distinct developments and internal protective factors have resulted in their different values in “patience”, and different attitudes toward faith and marriage.

並列關鍵字

marital violence ； child witness ； attachment relationship

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