差異化學習型組織在供應鏈間知識共享促成及加速模式之建構

Modelling the Facilitation and Acceleration of Knowledge Sharing for Differentiated Learning Organization in Supply Chain

陳明照(Ming-Chao Chen)

指導教授 ： 王居卿

淡江大學/商管學院/管理科學學系博士班/博士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2015.00751

摘要

由於全球化趨勢，市場競爭日益劇烈，組織要能存活就必須具備足夠知識，為顧客創造價值。為有效汲取及累積知識，組織內與組織間知識須能共享才可，然而知識共享並非易事，因為知識通常代表權力，沒人會無緣無故將權利與別人分享，因此組織知識共享可說是違反人性的。然而當「知識要自私vs.知識應共享」論戰之際，發現學習型組織在蓬勃網絡資訊交流的知識共享，是提升差異化組織素質最明顯促進知識因共享而偉大的基石。

本研究之目的，是探討如何建立存有差異化之學習型組織，在建構組織及供應鏈間之知識共享促成及加速模式。透過對知識創新、社會交換、社會網路及激勵等理論的推論，發掘能夠促成組織知識共享之因子，並藉由組織使用Web 2.0 的實例中，推論出其中能夠加速組織知識共享過程之因子，兩因子合併後即成為差異化學習型組織之知識共享促成及加速模式。根據組織實務經驗，使用Web 2.0可以讓組織很容易收集到大眾情報與資訊，因此據此激發創新知識與智能，是能夠非常創新且精準契合顧客需求。

如前所述，要培養組織及其供應鏈間之知識共享能力是一項複雜且費力耗時之工作，因其牽涉到人類行為及社交互動，使用Web 2.0，除可收集組織內外知識外，它還可使知識共享更容易且更快速達成。本論文亦推論出，以資訊數位科技將文化成份加入，將可使學習型組織創造差異化，因此綜合上述，本研究建構出差異化學習型組織之知識共享促成及加速模式。然後加上供應鏈間之綜效探討
，推論透過虛擬團隊，供應鏈間之知識共享促成及加速模式亦可建構出來，於此模式下，供應鏈之每個成員皆可成為具有差異化之學習型組織。本研究為跨科技或是跨領域整合之架構概念性模式之基礎研究，所建構模式之效度可於未來進行實證研究驗證之。

關鍵字

知識創新 ； 學習型組織 ； 社會交換理論 ； 激勵理論 ； 數位人文 ； 知識共享

並列摘要

Due to trend of globalization, market competitions have become tougher than ever. To survive, an organization must have enough knowledge to create values for customers. To effectively gain and accumulate knowledge, the knowledge has to be shared in the organization, i.e. become a learning organization. But knowledge sharing is not easy to carry out in an organization since it is against human nature; Knowledge is power and nobody is willing to share his power with others. However, When the "Knowledge to be selfish vs. Knowledge should be shared" debate on the occasion, find learning organization in the booming knowledge-sharing network of information exchange, is to enhance the organizational quality of the most obvious result by knowledge sharing cornerstone.

The purpose of this study is to construct a knowledge-share facilitating and acceleration model in a differentiated learning organization and its supply chain through literature reviews. This paper identifies the factors that are able to facilitate knowledge sharing from knowledge creation, social exchange, social network and motivation perspectives. Web 2.0 initiatives as accelerating factors are then combined to construct a facilitating and accelerating model of knowledge sharing in organization. Through reviewing related literatures in social exchange theory, social network theory and motivation theory, facilitators are identified. Through reviewing real examples of enterprises, Web 2.0 applications are illustrated, and identified as accelerators. Through the use of Web 2.0, enterprise can collect public intelligence easier so that the knowledge created is more innovative and accurate to fit customer’s real need and want.

Fostering knowledge sharing in organization and supply chain is a complicated and time-consuming work as it deals with human behaviors with social interactions. By utilizing Web 2.0, it can help implementing the key facilitators easier and faster, in addition to collecting internal and external intelligence. Adding digitized culture components by using IT digital technology is identified as the source of differentiation for a learning organization. By integrating the above inferences, A Knowledge sharing facilitation and acceleration model in differentiated learning organization is constructed. Synergy between members of supply chain is discussed. Through virtual teams, facilitating and accelerating models can also be implemented and carried out through the whole supply chain. Finally, all the members of the whole supply chain become differentiated learning organizations. This study is a cross-technology or interdisciplinary integration conceptual research that builds up a basic conceptual model. Empirical studies can be done in the future to test the validity of the model through empirical studies.

並列關鍵字

Knowledge creation ； Learning organization ； Social exchange theory ； Motivating theories ； Digital humanities ； Knowledge sharing

參考文獻

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