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  • 學位論文

網路視覺藝術創造思考多媒體教材之設計本位研究

The Design-Based Research of Internet Multimedia Visual Arts Creative Thinking Courseware

指導教授 : 鄭宜佳

摘要


創造思考能力對於我國學生來說是較為缺乏的能力,而九年一貫課程教育政策之一為培養學生思考、判斷與創造等能力,但我國的學生在上課學習時,較不會主動性的發問、回答或是使用批判性思考,其最主要的原因就是我國學生已經習慣講授性的學習方式,採用機械式的學習方法進行內在處理,華人社會強調知識來自權威的傳授,使得學生無法主動建構知識也是其中影響原因之一,根本的源頭在於教師的教學方式與認知須有所改變,尤其在於創造思考的認知與創造思考策略的訓練。政府推行九年一貫教育,來培養學生判斷及創造思考的能力,但同時教師也必須提升其在教學上融入創造思考教學策略的創新。 本研究從創造思考教學策略之觀點,以視覺藝術為素材規劃內容,並且運用網際網路之多樣環境特性建立學習平台,透過設計本位研究法研究流程分為發現、整合、分析、設計、發展、應用、評鑑、結果八個階段實施,開發設計「網路視覺藝術創造思考多媒體」教材。研究藉由專家與國中教師分別進行教材評鑑與學習者滿意度調查,專家評鑑針對教材內容提出更正與修改之建議,學習者滿意度問卷則幫助瞭解學習者對於教材的滿意程度與創造力啟發的認知感受,並透過學習單探討學習者對於創造思考教學是否已有認知成效。 專家評鑑歸納結果表示,需給予明確的教學目標與學習方法說明,建議利用網路社群平台的功能優勢強調目標與方法,如置頂功能來強調,並多注意用詞不可過於專業艱深,直白明瞭即可。教學中加強與學習者的即時性與互動性,包含引導學習與問題解決等方法,最後教材設計除了循序漸進外,也必須與學習者專業知識具有連結性,以增加學習動機。學習者滿意度調查顯示,學習者多對於透過視覺藝術進行創造思考策略來啟發創造力的認知感受相當滿意,課程內容以非正式且開放式回答的教學情境,能提高學習者的參與度並降低懼怕感,且沒有標準答案的學習對學習者來說具有高度思考與回答的意願。學習者認為視覺藝術教材內容並不是主要學習的重點,而是提高學習動機的方式,整體學習目標著重在於創造思考策略上的認知習得,因此在學習成效上研究者透過學習單發現學習者所編寫的教學策略包含給予學生自由的思考空間、發揮想像力激勵創新思考、並且多鼓勵自己的學生勇於發言與包容不同意見等,由此可得知學習者對於所習得的創造思考策略,已經開始規劃運用於他們的教學策略上。

並列摘要


The ability to think creatively is what the students in our country relatively lack of. One purpose of the government's educational policy on 1-9 grade curriculum is supposed to help our students think, judge and create. But our students seldom ask or answer questions voluntarily, or think judgmentally in class. The main reason is because our students are so used to the learning method through listening to lectures. They process what they learn inside themselves is in a mechanical way. Chinese society emphasizes too much on gaining knowledge from the authoritative teaching. This is also one of the reasons that our students can't build their own knowledge structures. Changing teachers' perceptions and teaching methods is fundamentally necessary. Especially the perception of creative thinking and the training on strategies of creative thinking. Grade 1-9 Curriculum aims to enhance students’ ability of judgment and creativity. Meanwhile, teachers should increase and renovate their teaching tactics on creative thinking as well. The perspective of this study is based on teaching strategies to promote creative thinking, the content of visual arts, and the diversity of Internet environment to build up a learning platform. Design-based research is implemented in eight phases, namely discovery, organization, analysis, design, development, application, evaluation, and results to research and design teaching materials of multimedia visual arts. The study was based on an evaluation of teaching materials from experts and an understanding of learning satisfaction from junior high school teachers who served as learners. Experts provided suggestions for alteration and revision on the content and the questionnaire helped understand learners’ satisfaction degree and their inspiration of creativity ability. Additionally, the worksheet explored the effects of creative thinking through teaching. According to the experts, a clear goal and methods of learning must be given to students. This can be done through the Internet. For example, put the point on top of the website page, and use simple words to make them understand easily. When teaching, interaction and assistances in time are crucial, including leading how to learn and how to solve problems. Finally, lesson plans should be designed gradually. Also, they must be connected with the learners' major knowledge to keep them interested. The survey on the learners' satisfaction indicated that they were much satisfied with learning creative thinking through visual arts. The informal form of class and free atmosphere made the learners participate more and reduce fears. They were highly willing to answer questions for there weren’t fixed answers, no right or wrong. This way learners could think actively and tend to answer more. Learners though the content of the visual arts instructions were not the point; instead, it increased their learning motivation. The whole learning target focused on the acquisition of developing thinking tactics. Through the worksheet, the researcher found the teaching strategies the learners came up with included giving students free space of pondering, inspiring their imagination of thinking creatively and encouraging them to speak up and embrace different ideas. From this result, it can be concluded that junior high school teachers have begun to apply the creative strategies they learn in their teaching strategies.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


莊雅涵(2016)。以認知策略為核心之遊戲設計與成效探究〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846%2fTKU.2016.01082

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