我國軍事戰略計畫作為轉變之研究─以1992~2009年國防報告書為主

A Study on the Changes of Taiwan’s Military Strategic Planning－ Based on “National Defense Report The Republic of China”（1992~2009）

孫國順(Kou-Shun Sun)

指導教授 ： 施正權

淡江大學/國際研究學院/國際事務與戰略研究所碩士班/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2010.00894

摘要

戰略的目的在於改變歷史的趨勢，當中包含了戰略思想、戰略計畫，與戰略行動。將戰略思想具體化，連結現在與未來的行動準則，稱之為戰略計畫。對於我國而言，自1992年開始，至2009年所發表的十本國防報告書，提供了一種分析我國軍事戰略計畫作為的切入點。回顧各種描述戰略之概念後，本研究歸納出「認知」、「分配」、「發展」三種觀點，並使用這些觀點分析我國國防報告書。冀望透過上述分析，找出我國軍事戰略計畫作為轉變之脈絡。
在認知上，我國受到了90年代後，兩次波灣戰爭的刺激，與中共崛起的壓力，軍事轉型成為邁向二十一世紀的首要目標。軍事戰略的調整，連帶牽動國防資源分配之改變。從攻守一體的三軍平衡發展，轉變為偏重海空戰力及資電優勢的防衛戰略。武器裝備等物質條件的改變，最終也迫使軍事組織再發展，進行了國防體制與兵力結構之改革。這些作為的目的，都是為了回應最初認知下的要求：軍事轉型。
由國防報告書所呈現的內容而言，我國軍事戰略計畫之重點，在於提升我方的軍事能力，以因應未來台海作戰趨勢。除了「防衛我國領土不受侵犯」此點，並未包含其他政治目標。簡言之，我國軍事戰略計畫作為之轉變即為一部軍事轉型史。

關鍵字

軍事戰略計畫作為 ； 國防報告書 ； 認知 ； 分配 ； 發展 ； 軍事轉型

並列摘要

The goal of strategy is to change the trend of history, including the strategic thought, the strategic plan, and the strategic action. The action guideline which concretizes the strategic thought and connects the present and the future is called the strategic plan. For Taiwan, ten reports regarding national defense, published from 1992 to 2009, provided one point to analyze the Taiwan’s military strategic plan. By reviewing most concepts of strategy, this thesis generalizes three viewpoints from those concepts –perception, distribution, and development. Furthermore, this thesis analyzes the ROC National Defense Report with those viewpoints in order to find the changing thread of Taiwan’s military strategic planning.
For the reason that Taiwan is stimulated by the two Gulf wars in 1990s and the pressure of China rising, military transformation has become the prime objective in the 21th century. With the modification of military strategy, the distribution of national defense resources has to be changed too. Taiwan has to change from the equilibrium development of the Armed Forces, which unite attack and defense, to a defensive strategy that should focus on the forces in the sea and the air as well as the advantages of IT technology. Eventually, the change of the weapons and other material conditions would force the re-development in the military organization and brings the reform to the system of national defense and the force structure. The aim of these actions is to response the requests under the primary perception: military transformation.
In terms of the contents mentioned in the ROC National Defense Report, the focal point of Taiwan’s strategic plan is to improve its military ability in response to any possible fighting situation between Taiwan and China in the future. Taiwan’s military strategic plan doesn’t include other political motivations except preventing its region from being invaded. To sum up, the change of Taiwan’s military strategic planning is the process of military transformation.

並列關鍵字

Military Strategic Planning ； National Defense Report ； Perception ； Distribution ； Development ； Military Transformation

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