透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.137.192.3
  • 學位論文

印尼蘇哈托時期的排華運動

The Anti-Chinese Movement in Indonesia under the Rule of Suharto

指導教授 : 陳鴻瑜

摘要


印尼華人人數佔全球海外華人人數的1/5,但自荷治時期便與印尼原住民分住分治產生隔閡,排華暴動常伴隨著政權的移轉而出現。華人雖累世居住當地,並對印尼獨立有所貢獻,卻常因雙重國籍而被質疑其對印尼的忠誠度,當中又以蘇哈托時期的排華運動最為明顯。 自1965年九三○事件藉反共名義屠殺華人之後,在政治、經濟、社會、文化等方面實施高壓同化政策,同時利用華人主公建立自身商業王國。1997金融風暴後,華人主公的奢華對照印尼人民的窮困,反貪污的學運接二連三,導致蘇哈托下台。 其後歷經哈比比、瓦希德、梅嘉瓦蒂到尤多約諾,排華禁令逐步放寬,印尼華人地位漸提昇,但排華氛圍仍潛藏於印尼社會,有賴政府公權力加強對印尼民眾的教育,共同創造符合「殊途同歸」原則的印尼社會。

並列摘要


The population of Chinese in Indonesia accounts for 1/5 oversea Chinese around the world. Since the Dutch colonial period, Indonesian Chinese and the Indonesian aboriginals have been living and governed separately. Thus, transfer of power usually occurred with anti-Chinese riots. Despite the fact that Indonesian Chinese have settled in Indonesia for generations and made contribution to independence of Indonesia, their loyalty to the nation was constantly doubted due to their citizenships, especially during the anti-Chinese movement of the Suharto period. After 1965 September 30th Movement (Gestapu), a movement intended to kill Chinese people in the name of anti-communism, the Indonesian government adopted assimilation policies in political, economical, social, and cultural aspects, and also used Chinese Cukong to set up their own business kingdom. During the financial storm of 1997, there was a sharp contrast between the luxurious life of Chinese Cukong and the poor life of Indonesian people. Anti-corruption movements thus emerged one after another, finally resulting in the step-down of Suharto. Later, through leadership of Habibie, Wahid, Megawati, and Yudhoyono, many anti-Chinese bans have been progressively relaxed, thus gradually elevating the status of Indonesia Chinese. However, the anti-Chinese sentiments still reside in the society and need to be ironed out through government’s effort to educate citizens to jointly create a society that complies with the principle of “equifinality”

參考文獻


5.戴萬平,「印尼族群政治研究:宗教,地域與種族」,國立中山大學中山學術研究所,2002年。
25.夏誠華,「替罪羔羊:1960年前後印尼華人的處境」,玄奘人文學報,第6期,2006年,第149-169頁。
64.謝劍,「東南亞華人認同問題︰對R.J.Coughling雙重認同理論的再思考」, 台灣東南亞學刊,第3卷第2期,2006年,第3-18頁。
8.吳筱玫,「真實與虛構之混成:以印尼華裔婦女受暴事件為例」,新聞學研究,第95期,2008年,第111-143頁。
23.金榮勇,「印尼的族群衝突危機」,問題與研究,第40卷4期,2001年,第65-79頁。

被引用紀錄


郭祐全(2012)。後蘇哈托時期印尼政黨政治發展之研究(1997-2009)〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2012.00949
陳哲宏(2010)。印尼農業低度就業人口轉入非農業部門的問題與限制〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2010.00934

延伸閱讀