間-日本ソ美意識探討環境與人的溝通
-視覺暗示形成的心理空間輪廓為例

論文提要內容：本研究從日本人對於美的共同認知：「間」文化、日本茶道文化所產生的行為與空間為原點，透過認知心理學中「感覺處理過程」與視覺上的「知覺組織律」為基礎，結合上述兩者建立「心理空間輪廓」形成的原則，透過 <1> 形成日本茶道空間的元素 <2> 茶道空間中人的互動行為 <3> 飲茶者進行茶道儀式時的認知如何形成 <4> 認知形成的心理空間輪廓性質等課題，並以重新詮釋日本茶道文化的空間裝置驗證原則，利用認知形成的心理空間輪廓界定人的使用行為。　在智慧型手機、平板等高科技產品普及之下，人們長時間將注意力聚焦於電子螢幕上，忽略了真實環境中所給予感官上的訊息，也失去與當下環境的聯結，導致空間感變得均質，本研究藉由探討人的行為與空間的關係，來重新審視人與人，人與物之間，看不見的心理空間輪廓。　論述建立藉由文獻回顧、設計實驗、訪談，歸納出視覺暗示所形成的心理空間輪廓原則之兩大要點：一、歸納透過視覺於認知上形成的心理空間輪廓有以下特性： <1> 需透過視覺暗示形成 <2> 非物裡上可視的空間形態 <3> 認知形成的心理空間輪廓為實體的延續(方向、性質、相對位置） <4> 主觀的空間界定(尚未完成，由自身經驗完成的空間形式) <5> 動態的/非完全的樣式二、對於設計者具體可行的心理空間輪廓形式-心理空間輪廓的操作原則: <1>行為與空間關係的產生 →　接近　Approach　 <2>視覺上吸引力的注意 → 形成之引導 <3>空間感的形成原因 → 空間感操作 <4>空間形體之成形 → 心理空間輪廓形體成形的操作 <5>以使用者為中心形成的心理空間輪廓 → 內外之界定

關鍵字

禪；榻榻米；視覺感官空間經驗；侘寂；日本茶道

並列摘要

Starting from the behaviors and space produced from Ma culture and Japanese tea ceremony that are common aesthetics of Japanese, the study established the formation principles of psychological space outline based on the “sensory processing” of cognitive psychology and the “perceptual organization” of vision. Topics including (1) elements of forming the space of Japanese tea ceremony, (2) interactions in the space of tea ceremony, (3) how to form the perception when tea drinkers conduct tea ceremony, and (4) features of the psychological space outline formed by perception were discussed. Then the study re-interpreted the verification rules of spatial installations of Japanese tea ceremony and defined the using behaviors based on the psychological space outline formed by perception. As high-technology products such as smart phones and pads have been prevalent, people spend more time on screens and neglect the sensory information given from real environment. The connection with current environment has been lost which results the homogeneous sense on space. By discussing the relation between human behaviors and space, the study reviewed the invisible psychological space outline between people and between people and things. Through literature review, experiment design and interview, it concluded two key points of the psychological space outline formed by visual indication. 1.The psychological space outline formed by visual perception has following features. 1)It needs to be formed by visual indication. 2)It is not a physically visible space. 3)The psychological space outline formed by perception is an extension of entity (direction, character and respective position). 4)It is a subjective spatial definition (An incomplete space form fulfilled by personal experience) 5)It is dynamic and incomplete. 2.The practice principles of psychological space outline that can be used by designers are as follows. 1)The production of the relation between behavior and space → approach 2)The attention aroused visually → the guide formed 3)The reasons of forming spatial sense → the operation of spatial sense 4)The formation of spatial shape → the operation of forming the psychological space outline 5)The psychological space outline focusing on user → defining internally and externally