摘要
近年來，國際間貿易的頻繁促進了跨市場間的競爭，廠商間的授權合作已是一個相當普遍的現象。通常技術領先的廠商想要開拓國際市場，都會在不同地主國面對一個或多個技術較為落後的廠商與其競爭。雖然跨國廠商在技術成本上有一定優勢，但也有運費以及關稅等額外負擔。此時跨國廠商所採取的競爭策略便尤其重要，以何種方式授權或是不授權是值得我們討論的問題。 在跨國廠商有創新後成本的優勢，而地主國廠商在接受授權後有授權成本的假設，且兩國廠商皆存在於是地主國做產業內競爭的前提下，本文得到的結論是：無論創新為非劇烈創新或劇烈創新，單位權利金授權都是跨國廠商最適的授權方式。跨國廠商為求利潤最大，一定會將技術以單位權利金的方式授權給技術落後的地主國廠商。
並列摘要
In recent years, the frequent trade among countries has increased the competition of firms in cross-market. Often, these international firms not only compete with each other by quantity, but also have a coorperative relationship through licensing. By licensing, the technology leading firm will gain the licensing fee, but lose some market share for tradeoff. When the question comes to an international leading firm, there is also tariff to be considered. The cost advantage of the leading firm will be decreased because of tariff. And if it should or should not give license to the foreign firm, or if it should use fixed fee licensing or royalty licensing becomes an interest issue particularly. Assume that the leading firm has the cost advantage and the foreign firm has the fixed licensing cost if it accepts license. Under the condition that both firms do Cournot completion after licensing, we found that royalty is the optimal licensing strategy both in non-drastic innovation as well as in drastic innovation. For an international technology leading firm, royalty licensing is always a profit maximizing strategy.
參考文獻
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