宋太祖政治戰略之研究

A Study of Emperor Taizu of Song’s Political Strategy

趙世鈞(Shih-Chun Chao)

指導教授 ： 施正權

淡江大學/國際研究學院/國際事務與戰略研究所碩士班/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2018.00896

摘要

本研究首先對唐末五代至宋初的戰略環境進行分析，以釐清宋初形勢的形成脈絡。接著藉由政治戰略中之向心力、安定力、組織力等三個指標，分析宋太祖為維持政權的穩定與發展的相關政治作為。最後評估宋太祖所實行之政治戰略的利弊得失及對宋朝未來發展的重大影響。
為穩定開國局勢，鞏固政權，宋太祖透過儒、佛、道等思想對國家人員施行政治教育，重塑君臣之道；崇尚文治，抑制武力，以平衡文武關係；重整法制，強化法治，使國家的運行恢復秩序；重視人民生活基本所需，廣開科舉大門，使人民皆能參與國家的運作，穩定社會。藉此建構向心力與安定力。
同樣藉由軍事政變獲得政權，為避免宋朝成為第六代，宋太祖建國後即採取相關政治作為以革除弊端，使不論是中央或地方皆無人擁有得以威脅到其統治的權力。據此，宋太祖即在中央及地方兩個部分進行權力重整，藉以建構組織力，使其意志能夠順利地輸出成實際措施並有效執行。
宋朝的建立不但結束了唐末五代藩鎮割據、軍人掌權的混亂時期，也開啟了中國歷史文化繁榮發展的嶄新篇章，這一切皆奠基於宋太祖執政時期。然而，宋太祖執政時的相關政治作為卻也在日後導致宋朝長期對外處於弱勢的情況。整體而言，宋太祖政治戰略的相關作為的確達成使宋朝政權維持與發展的目標，但也因與其他分項戰略無法協調、配合，直接或間接地影響了宋朝的國力，使宋朝國力逐漸衰弱。

關鍵字

宋太祖 ； 政治戰略 ； 向心力 ； 安定力 ； 組織力

並列摘要

At the beginning, this thesis analyzes the strategic environment from the late Tang Dynasty to the early Song Dynasty, to clarify the situation of early Song Dynasty. Next, by using three indicators (Coherence, Stability, Organizational ability) in political strategy to analyze the pollical behavior of the Emperor Taizu of Song. In the end, it evaluates the political strategy implemented by the Emperor Taizu of Song and its influence on the future development of the Song Dynasty.

In order to stabilize the situation and consolidate the regime, the Emperor Taizu of Song through the Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism to implement the political education, attempt to balance the civil-military relations, restructuring the law system, value the basic needs of people’s lives, make all of people can participate the operation of government. By those means to build Coherence and Stability.

In order to avoid the Song Dynasty become the sixth dynasty, the Emperor Taizu of Song implement relevant political behaviors to abolish the malpractice. Therefore, the Emperor Taizu of Song execute the power restructuring in central and local government to build the organizational ability. In this way, his will can be successfully convert into practical measures and implement effectively.
The establishment of Song Dynasty not only terminate the chaos situation of late Tang Dynasty, but also create a new peak period of social and cultural development. All of this is based on the Emperor Taizu of Song’s ruling period. However, some of the decisions made by the Emperor Taizu of Song are also cause the weak situation. To sum up, the Emperor Taizu of Song’s political strategy has reached the goal of maintaining and developing the Song regime. But the political strategy the Emperor Taizu of Song made do not coordinate well with other strategy.

並列關鍵字

Emperor Taizu of Song ； Political Strategy ； Coherence ； Stability ； Organizational Ability

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