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  • 學位論文

保護管束青少年人格特質和物質使用與精神疾患變化之探討

Associations between personality trait and changes of substance use and psychiatric disorders among juveniles under probation

指導教授 : 楊浩然

摘要


研究目的:探討保護管束青少年各物質使用與各精神疾患的盛行率及其變化,以及人格特質在物質與精神疾患之間所扮演的角色。 研究方法:本研究是二波段式設計( 2-wave panel study ),研究以系統性抽樣方式選取樣本,最後共333名保護管束青少年納入分析。使用自填問卷內容包括基本人學口、物質使用、迷你國際神經精神科面談( The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, MINI )、三維人格問卷( Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, TPQ )並在一年後追蹤。為了探討物質使用和精神疾患在時間上變化,將物質使用和精神疾患的變化分為四組,物質使用為「穩定未使用」、「發生」、「停止使用」、「持續使用」;精神疾患為「穩定未患病」、「發生」、「復原或緩解」、「持續患病」。 研究結果:保護管束青少年合法物質使用以香菸為最盛行(58.56%-58.86%),同時其發生率(39.13%)與持續使用率(72.82%)都為最高,且在本研究中非法物質發生率(9.80%)相當高,與合法物質相比也僅低於香菸。除了精神病性疾患症狀(28.23%-36.64%)和自殺傾向(27.33%-27.93%)外,精神疾患的部份則是以情感性疾患盛行率最高,基線為重鬱症(19.52%);追蹤為輕鬱症(19.22%)。而精神病性疾患症狀與自殺傾向亦為發生率(16.59%;20.42%)與持續患病率(48.36%;45.16%)最高的前三名,輕鬱症的發生率(18.92%)則是在第二名;人格特質與物質使用和精神疾患變化的相關發現,追求刺激與物質使用和情感性疾患復原/緩解有相關;迴避傷害和情感性疾患和焦慮疾患復原緩解有相關;依賴酬賞與少數精神疾患發生有相關。 結論:保護管束青少年的物質使用情況以香菸持續使用和非法物質的發生最嚴重,除了精神病性疾患症狀和自殺傾向外,保護管束青少年的感情性疾患也相當盛行,且發現人格對於物質使用與精神疾患有特殊對應關係,因此保護管束相關單位應針對保護管束青少年的心理健康狀態做調查,並適當的做介入,以期減緩保護管束青少年的物質使用和精神疾患的情況。

並列摘要


Objectives: The aims of this study were examining the prevalence rates of substance uses and psychiatric disorders among juveniles under probation. One-year change of the rates and their associations with personality traits were investigated as well. Methods: A 2-wave panel study was conducted with 333 juveniles under probation recruited by systematic sampling. All participants completed a self-administered questionnaire in which measured sociodemographic variables, substance uses, psychiatric disorders, and personality trait. Substance uses and psychiatric disorders were assessed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI); and personality traits by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ). To evaluate change, this study categorized substance uses and psychiatry disorders into four groups in terms of none, episodic, recovered/remitted, and persistent. Results: Among juveniles under probation, the most prevalent substance used was cigarette (58.56%-58.86%). The episodic rate (39.13%) and the persistent rate (72.82%) of cigarette were also the highest. The episodic rate of illicit drugs used (9.80%) was substantial. As for psychiatric disorders, the prevalence rates of psychotic disorder (28.23%-36.64%) and suicidality (27.33%-27.93%) were the most and the second common, respectively, both in baseline and follow-up. The episodic rate(16.59%) and the persistent rate of psychotic disorder (48.36%) and those of suicideality (20.42% and 45.16%, respectively) were also in the top two ranking. Novelty seeking trait was associated with recovered/remitted of substance use and affective disorders. Harm avoidance trait was associated with recovered/remitted of affective disorders and anxiety disorders. Reward dependence trait was associated with episodic of few psychiatric disorders. Conclusions: Cigarette and illicit drugs used were common among juveniles under probation. Psychotic disorder and suicideality were prevalent as well. Each personality trait was found to specifically associated with different courses of substance uses and psychiatric disorders. Therefore, mental health issues of juveniles under probation are worth paying much attention to. Our findings provided important clue for further interventions for substance use and mental disorders.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


溫梅君(2015)。女性非法藥物濫用者之人格特質研究〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614023346

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