探討長期血液透析患者對預防跌倒認知、態度及行為與運動自我效能之相關性

背景：長期血液透析患者比一般健康族群的身體功能狀況差，因此容易增加跌倒危險傾向。長期血液透析患者之預防跌倒之知識、態度與行為，以及運動自我效能對患者之跌倒預防是重要的預測因子。目的：探討長期血液透析患者對預防跌倒認知、態度及行為與運動自我效能之相關。方法：本研究採用橫斷性之量性研究設計，針對於中部地區某血液透析中心單位透析患者以方便取樣，採用結構性問卷調查方式收集基本資料、預防跌倒認知態度及行為量表、運動自我效能量表等資料共取得有效問卷為 98 份，有效樣本回收率為 92.4％，並以SPSS 22.0版進行統計分析。結果：研究發現研究中患者基本屬性「教育程度」在「預防跌倒知識」、「預防跌倒態度」、「預防跌倒行為」結果顯示，國中以上的分數顯著高於國中以下 (P < .05)。患者基本屬性「年齡」在「預防跌倒態度」與「預防跌倒行為」結果顯示，年齡65歲以下者的分數顯著高於65歲以上者 (P < .05)。一年內曾經發生跌倒，「有職業」者顯著高於「無職業」者。運動自我效能對於患者防跌知識、防跌態度及防跌行為無顯著相關。結論：長期血液透析患者之預防跌倒認知、態度及行為，與運動自我效能無統計顯著相關。

關鍵字

長期血液透析；預防跌倒知識；預防跌倒態度；預防跌倒行為；運動自我效能

並列摘要

Background: Long-term hemodialysis patients have worse physical function than the general healthy population, so they tend to increase the risk of falling. Long-term hemodialysis patients' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors for fall prevention, as well as exercise self-efficacy, are significant predictors for patients' fall prevention. Purpose: To explore the correlation between long-term hemodialysis patients' cognition, attitude, and behavior for fall prevention and exercise self-efficacy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional quantitative research study design.Convenience sampling is used from a hemodialysis center in central Taiwan for the study. A structured questionnaire collects demographic data, the cognitive , attitudes, and behavior scale for fall prevention, exercise self-efficacy. A total of 98 valid questionnaires have been returned, and the effective sample response rate was 92.4%. The data were processed and analyzed by using SPSS version 22.0. Result: The study results showed that the scores of those with an education level above junior high school were significantly higher than those of those below junior high school (P <.05). The patients' "age" in "attitude to prevent falls" and "behavior to prevent falls" showed that the scores of those under 65 years of age were significantly higher than those of those over 65 years of age (P <.05). The rate of falls within one year of "employed" persons was significantly higher than "unemployed" persons. Exercise self-efficacy has no significant relationship with fall prevention in knowledge, attitude, and behavior in long-term hemodialysis patients. Conclusion: Long-term hemodialysis patients' knowledge, attitude, and behavior for fall prevention have no significant correlationsip with exercise self-efficacy.