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  • 學位論文

成年女性的身體意象、自我物化和減重行為之關係

The relationships of body image, objectification and weight loss behavior in adult women

指導教授 : 王郁茗

摘要


研究目的:了解成年女性的身體意象、自我物化和減重行為,並探討身體意象、自我物化和減重行為的關係。 研究方法:採方便取樣,研究對象來自6個不同的社區團體,共182位20至60歲女性。參與者皆填寫以下問卷,外表評價和外表取向量表、物化身體覺察量表和減重行為量表。資料分析方面,採用皮爾森積差相關、單因子變異數分析、多元迴歸等統計方法驗證假設。 研究結果:1.有47.8%的成年女性在減重,其中64%減重積極度為中等,僅有20%使用激烈減重方法,平均減重方法數量2.8。成年女性的外表評價、身體監控和身體羞愧程度中等,外表取向、外表控制信念程度偏高。2.是否減重和身體質量數、外表取向、身體監控、身體羞愧有關。排除身體質量數對是否減重的影響後,身體監控仍對是否減重有預測力。3.減重方法類型方面,減重方法類型和外表評價、外表取向、身體監控、身體羞愧有關。外表評價、外表取向、身體監控和身體羞愧可以預測減重方法類型,其中外表評價、外表取向預測力較高。4.減重方法數量方面,減重方法數量和年齡、婚姻狀態、家庭發展階段、外表取向有關。排除年齡、結婚狀態對減重方法數量的影響後,外表取向對減重數量仍有預測力。 結論:(1)減重行為和身體意象、自我物化有關。(2)身體意象、自我物化可以預測減重行為。本研究結果有助於了解減重者的身體意象、自我物化,進而促進減重者之心理健康。

並列摘要


Purpose:To investigate the status of women’s body image, objectification and weight loss behaviors, and further find out the relationship between the three. Method:A cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling was adopted. One hundred and eighty two participants rangeing in age from 20 to 60 were collected from six social groups. Appearance Evaluation Scale, Appearance Orientation Scale, Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, and Loss Weight Behavior Scale were used as measurements. Data analyses were conducted using Pearson’s product-moment correlation, multiple regression and ANOVA. Results:Frist, fourty-seven point eight percent of the women in the sample were trying to lose weight, among which twenty percent of them were adopting extreme weight loss methods, and sixty-four percent rated their subjective active feeling to lose weight as moderate. 2.8 types of methods were adopted on average. Appearance evaluation, body surveillance and body shame were rated medium, with appearance orientation and appearance control belief being slightly high. Second, engaging in weight loss were related to BMI, appearance orientation, body surveillance and body shame. After control the effects on engaging in weight loss by BMI, body surveillance still has significant effect on engaging in weight loss. Third, weight loss method types were related to appearance evaluation, appearance orientation, body surveillance and body shame. Appearance evaluation, appearance orientation, body surveillance and body shame predict weight loss method types, and appearance evaluation, appearance orientation has higher explaination of variance. Fourth, number of weight loss methods were related to age, marriage, family develop stage and appearance orientation. After control the effect on weight loss methods by age and marriage, appearance orientation still has significant effect on number of weight loss methods. Conclusion:Weight loss behaviors were related to body image and objectification. Body image and objectification predict weight loss behaviors. The results would help us to promote the mental health of women who are trying to lose weight. Key word:Adult women, loss weight behavior, body image, objectification.

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