探討宗教人士、低收入戶與一般人士健康疾病差異情形

Comparing the incidence of the top ten leading cause of disease among religious, low-income and general population in Taiwan.

劉紋秀(Wen-Hsiu Liu)

指導教授 ： 廖勇柏

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/公共衛生學系碩士班/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/CSMU.2015.00184

摘要

研究目的：過去研究大部分探討宗教人士與生活質量及心靈狀態，少部分研究針對宗教人士對疾病影響，較少大型資料庫研究針對宗教人士及一般人士疾病健康狀態進行探討，本研究運用全民健康保險研究資料庫，探討2005年投保於國民健康保險宗教人士、低收入戶與一般族群其十大死因及精神疾病發生情形之差異比較，再進一步依性別分層探討男性與女性之宗教人士及一般人士其健康疾病差異。
研究方法：本研究資料取自國家衛生研究院釋出之全民健康保險研究資料庫(NHIRD)，2005年期間30歲以上投保者共有1,083,478人，依投保類別分為宗教人士、低收入戶及一般人士，三組追蹤族群，以2005年1月1日開始追蹤至2010年12月31日止，探討十大死因及精神疾病發生情形。利用Cox比例風險迴歸模式(Cox proportional hazard model)比較宗教人士、低收入戶及一般人士罹患疾病之危險對比值(Hazard ratio ,HR)，模式中階調整性別、年齡、投保地區及過去病史。
研究結果：共計401位宗教人士，7,454位低收入戶及1,073,478位一般人士，調整干擾因子後，宗教人士對比一般族群罹患心血管疾病、腦血管疾病、肺炎、慢性肝病及肝硬化、支氣管、肺氣腫及氣喘、惡性腫瘤其危險對比值分別為1.56、1.02、1.54、1.75、1.55及1.59，皆達統計顯著意義。低收入戶對比一般族群罹患糖尿病、心臟疾病、腦血管疾病、肺炎、慢性肝病及肝硬化、高血壓疾病、支氣管、肺氣腫及氣喘、腎炎腎徵候群及腎病變、惡性腫瘤及精神疾病其危險對比值分別為1.29、1.34、1.58、2.20、1.26、1.59、1.54、1.67、1.10及1.57，皆達統計顯著意義。
研究結論：本研究結果可知於宗教人士比一般族群在心臟疾病、肺炎、慢性肝病及肝硬化、支氣管炎、肺氣腫及氣喘及惡性腫瘤具較高罹病風險。低收入戶對比一般族群罹患糖尿病、心臟疾病、腦血管疾病、肺炎、慢性肝病及肝硬化、高血壓疾病、支氣管、肺氣腫及氣喘、腎炎腎徵候群及腎病變、惡性腫瘤及精神疾病，皆有顯著危險。

關鍵字

宗教人士 ； 疾病 ； 低收入戶 ； 健康差異 ； 疾病差異

並列摘要

Background: The effects of religious on psychic state and quality of life have been reported, but few studies have focused on the association between religion and diseases.
Objective: This study aimed at establishing the association of religion, low-income and general population with diseases, including top ten leading diseases and psychiatric disorders.
Material and methods：The study included subjects insured in 2005 who were above 30 years. Their data were retrieved from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Individuals insured from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2010 were classified into three groups: religious, low-income and general population who were followed to assess the risk and incidence of disease. Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the risk of developing top ten leading diseases and psychiatric disorders while adjustments were made for gender, age, insurance area and history.
Results：This study had 1,081,333 participants consisting of 401 religious, 7,454 low-income and 1,073,478 general population. After adjusting for confounders with general population as the reference group, the HRs among the religious population were 1.56 for cardiovascular disease, 1.02 for cerebrovascular accident, 1.54 for pneumonia, 1.75 for chronic liver disease and liver cirrhosis, 1.55 for bronchitis, emphysema and asthma and 1.59 for cancer. However, the HRs among the low-income population were 1.29 for diabetes, 1.34 for cardiovascular disease, 1.58 for cerebral vascular accident, 2.20 for pneumonia, 1.26 for chronic liver disease and liver cirrhosis, 1.59 for hypertension, 1.54 for bronchitis, emphysema and asthma, 1.67 for nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephropathy, 1.10 for cancer and 1.57 for psychiatric disorders.
Conclusion：The study showed that the religious group had a greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease, pneumonia, chronic liver disease and liver cirrhosis, bronchitis, emphysema and asthma and cancer., than the general population. . The low-income population had a greater risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cerebral vascular accident, pneumonia, liver disease and liver cirrhosis, hypertension, bronchitis, emphysema and asthma, nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephropathy, cancer and psychiatric disorders than the general population. Therefore, religious and low income population have influences on disease development and psychiatric disorders.

並列關鍵字

Religion ； Low-income ； Disease ； Health differences.

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