本研究的目的在於了解高齡者失去活動能力對生活型態的影響,以及探索可能的影響因子。行政院衛生署國民健康局提供的2009年「國民健康訪問暨藥物濫用調查」是本研究分析資料來源。分析變項包括失能、憂鬱、抽菸等,自變項則有性別、年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、籍貫、宗教信仰等,並以行動能力界定失能,CES-D 10量表界定憂鬱傾向,以羅吉斯迴歸進行統計分析。刪除遺漏值後,總樣本共計2895人。主要研究發現包括,失能是高齡者憂鬱的危險因子,當高齡者失能程度越高,高齡者的憂鬱風險也會更高,憂鬱風險會進而影響了高齡者抽菸風險。本研究發現,憂鬱和其他社會因素是影響高齡者抽菸的重要因子,而失能和憂鬱高度相關,因此,對於高齡失能者的照顧必須身心靈並重。
The purposes of this study were to investigate the health related lifestyle among the disabled elderly and the factors which affected the lifestyle. National Health Interview Survey in 2009 was used for this study; the sample size was 2895. The independent variables included gender, age, educational level, marital status, place of origin, and religion; the independent variables had disability, depression, and smoking. Disability was measured by level of mobility. Depression was defined using Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale 10 (CES-D-10). It was found that disability is a risk factor of depression among the elderly. The more disabled, the more depressed. Furthermore, the elderly with depression was more likely to smoke. In all, smoking was affected by depression and social factors; meanwhile, disability was highly related with depression. Therefore, caring physically, mentally, and spiritually for the elderly is important.