靜電紡絲奈米纖維技術探討及其應用

Fabrication of Electrospun Nanofibers and their Application

許銘軒(Ming-Shiuan Hsu)

指導教授 ： 蘇文達

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2014.00110

摘要

靜電紡絲技術是近年來新興的奈米製程技術，可直接且快速地將高分子紡織成奈米纖維，提高比表面積、孔隙率以及具備微孔結構，並根據材料的多元化更能延伸至不同的應用領域。
本研究主要針對靜電紡絲技術的應用分為兩部分。第一部份是抗菌奈米濾材之開發，利用聚己內酯(PCL)為材料。PCL是一種生物可吸收、可分解之高分子，其環境親和性佳，使聚己內酯成為近年來備受重視之材料，它能夠溶於甲酸、乙酸、氯仿或三氟乙醇中，形成高分子溶液。實驗以甲酸：乙酸=1：1為共溶劑系統，分別加入不同比例(0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1%)之幾丁聚醣或奈米銀粒子等抗菌能力高的添加物，以14%PCL，電壓16.5kV，工作距離20cm的最適化條件製備具有奈米結構的抗菌濾膜。藉由電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察纖維膜纖維平均直徑約在350~400nm，並對濾膜做機械性質分析，發現隨著幾丁聚醣、奈米銀粒子含量的提高機械性質會有下降趨勢。在濾膜的抗菌測試上，發現添加0.2%的奈米銀粒子或幾丁聚醣更能達到良好的抑菌效果。
第二部份為奈米纖維面膜的製作，將聚乙烯醇和明膠高分子混合並利用靜電紡絲技術製備長效且安定的多功能性面膜，改善目前市面上面膜比表面積、服貼度不足及成本過高等問題。10%聚乙烯醇和5%明膠混合液，在電壓16.8kV，工作距離25cm的最佳參數條件下搭配傳明酸、維他命C磷酸鎂鹽、甘油等美白保濕成分的添加製備成奈米纖維面膜，平均纖維直徑約600~850nm並以物理特性分析比較面膜的機械強度、藥物釋放率。實驗結果顯示，奈米纖維面膜比起市面上面膜明顯提高11.2%應力和105%的應變表現；藉由分光光度計(UV-visible)以波長210nm、262nm分別測得傳明酸、維他命C磷酸鎂鹽經30分鐘後可達到20%、60%的累積釋放率。最後由測試者使用後評估聚乙烯醇/明膠奈米纖維面膜商品化的可行性。

關鍵字

靜電紡絲 ； 奈米纖維 ； 聚己內酯 ； 聚乙烯醇 ； 明膠 ； 奈米銀 ； 幾丁聚醣 ； 濾材 ； 面膜

並列摘要

Electrospinning is an emerging nanometer process technology in recent years, which can directly and quickly changing into polymer nanofibers to improve specific surface area, porosity and pore structure , and more extensive in accordance with diverse materials to different applications .
In this study focused on the application of electrospinning technology is divided into two parts .The first part is the use of polycaprolactone(PCL) as the material .PCL is a bioabsorbable, biodegradable polymer that has attracted enormous attention in recent years due to good environmental compatibility, which is soluble in formic acid, acetic acid, chloroform or trifluoroethanol to form polymer solution .Here is the use of formic acid:acetic acid = 1:1 co-solvent system, and then were added in different proportions (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1) of chitosan, silver nanoparticles and other with high antibacterial additions . A positive voltage of 16.5kV was applied for electrospinning of the 15%PCL solution and a grounded aluminum foil placed 20 cm from the tip of the needle was used as the optimal conditions to collect the nanofiber membranes.By SEM observation of the average diameter of the membranes about 350 to 400 nm, and found that increasing the amount of chitosan, silver nanoparticles will decline in mechanical testing. For antibacterial activity, the results indicated 0.2% of silver nanoparticles or chitosan is able to achieve widespread inhibition effecs. In order to achieve filter applications , a comprehensive analysis of the results in 15% PCL/0.6% silver nanoparticles of nanofiber membrane filter with the standards .
The second part is based on the same technology as the foundation of electrospinning .Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) and gelatin polymer blend were prepared by using electrospinning technique and produced long-term, stable and versatility facial mask to improve specific surface area, obedient degree and high cost and other issues in the current market . Solutions of PVA and gelatin were 10% and 5%, respectively .
The distance between needle and collector was 25 cm and the applied voltage was 16.8kV with optimal parameters conditions .Tranexamic acid, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (MAP), glycerin and other moisturizing, whitening ingredients to prepare nanofiber facial mask .Comparison of physical properties included the mechanical strength of the carrier and the drug release rate .The experimental results showed that, compared to the market mask carrier, mechanism strength significantly increased by approximately 11.2% stress and 105% strain performance .The average diameter of nanofiber was 6 to 8 μm .Spectrophotometer were measured the cumulative release rate of tranexamic acid and MAP after 30 minutes up to 20% and 60%, respectively . Then the final assessment test to use PVA /gelatin nanofiber mask does have potential of commercialization.

並列關鍵字

Electrospun ； Nano-fibrous ； PCL ； PVA ； Gelatin ； Nano-Ag ； Chitosan ； Filter ； Facial Mask

參考文獻

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