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  • 學位論文

奈米級含氮二氧化鈦於可見光下對於有機污染物降解之研究

Photocatalytic study of nanocrystalline N-doped titania under the visible light

指導教授 : 陳孝行

摘要


二氧化鈦 (TiO2) 為一具半導體性質之光觸媒,可利用紫外光 (UV light) 照射進行有機污染物降解,使之呈現無毒狀態。本研究目的主要在於製備含氮二氧化鈦 (TiO2-xNx),使之可於可見光下進行光催化反應,然改質基質為商業型二氧化鈦 (Degussa P-25),改質之理論基礎在於製造二氧化鈦氧空缺,使氮與氧進行置換,降低觸媒能隙,改變二氧化鈦光吸收特性以利可見光使用;本研究以氯化銨 (NH4Cl) 為氮源製備 TiO2-xNx。爾後以可見光下進行亞甲基藍 (Methylene Blue) 降解,更可暸解觸媒的光催化效益。 本研究改質是將二氧化鈦與氯化銨以不同比例進行高溫煅燒,以二氧化鈦對氯化銨重量比與煅燒溫度作為實驗主要參數,並討論上述參數於 TiO2-xNx 製備之影響。製備後的 TiO2-xNx 以紫外光/可見光吸收光譜儀 (UV/Visible) 觀察到 TiO2-xNx 吸收光譜皆位移至可見光區域,且發現煅燒溫度與氯化銨含量增加,皆會加快吸收光光譜的位移,吸收光光譜波長最少位移 28nm;以化學分析影像能譜儀 (ESCA) 計算得到含氮量 (N in TiO2-xNx) 最高為 11.83% (RT-1:6-400,R 為二氧化鈦與氯化銨比例、T 為煅燒溫度),此處發現氯化銨的含量與含氮量無直接關係;在 X 光繞射儀 (XRD) 分析中,發現二氧化鈦起始物之晶相變化與含氮量有關,當 Anatase phase 含量為 58%~63% 時,有利於 N、O 置換形成 TiO2-xNx,含氮量較高;在粒徑與晶相的變化由穿透式電子顯微鏡、X 光繞射儀分析和以 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 量測,發現其晶相變化速度與粒徑大小皆隨氯化銨的增加有明顯變化,推測原因為氯化銨產生的氯化氫會加速晶相改變。最後經由亞甲基藍的光催化活性,判定製備出之 TiO2-xNx 光觸媒活性差異。 在光催化反應得知其去除有機污染物方面,本研究將光催劃分做兩部分討論,以含氮量作為區別,在低氮量 (N in TiO2-xNx<3%) 中決定光催化效果因素分別為 1.晶相的組成為首要影響條件,最佳的 Anatase phase 含量為 58%~63%;2.比表面積為次要影響光催化效果;3.含氮量再此處並無明顯優勢。 在高氮量 (N in TiO2-xNx >3%) 中決定光催化效果因素分別為 1.晶相的組成為首要影響條件,最佳的 Anatase phase 含量為 58%~63%;2.含氮量為次要影響光催化效果,含氮量與光催化效果成正相關,本研究得到最佳 N in TiO2-xNx 是 11.83%;3.比表面積對於光催化效果影響並不顯著。 最後,本研究針對煅燒溫度與加藥比例討論含氮量與光催化活性之間的關係,發現含氮量與光催化活性呈正相關,且也在晶相與含氮量對於光催化的關係中,再次證明了前述之結論。

並列摘要


Photochemical reactions catalyzed by semiconductors have been investigated extensively in the degradation of toxic organic pollutants, in organic synthesis and in energy conversion and storage. Titania is a semi-conducting photocatalyst. It can decompose the organic pollutant by irradiation under UV light. This study is divided to prepare TiO2-xNx by calcined Degussa P-25 and NH4Cl. The final propose is decreased the bandgap of TiO2, and let it can be catalyzed in the visible light. This study demonstrates a simple route for the preparation of nanocrystalline N-doped titania by calcined with ammonia chloride. This study have two important parameters: calcined temperature(T) and the ratio of TiO2 to NH4Cl(R). The N-doped titania we made was characterized by ESCA, XRD, BET and TEM etc. The wavelength of absorption of N-doped we prepared by calcination with ammonia chloride was shifted to the range of visible light.The ESCA measurement showed that nitrogen was surely doped in the titanium oxide, and the highest nitrogen content in TiO2-xNx is 11.83%. the sample is RT-1:6-400. The XRD measurement showed that Anatase phase easily transformed to Rutile phase at 500℃ and above. The crystalline transformed rate become higher by the higher calcined temperature and higher ratio of TiO2 to NH4Cl. The best photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue is obtained at the N loading about 11.83at%. The film exhibits the degradation of methylene blue with a rate-constant(k) about 0.0512 h-1 and decrease 150 hours to remove the methylene blue. Final, the RT-1:6-400 have the best efficiency photacatalisis is. It is sure the the NH4Cl is a nice material to be the N source by HCl(g) produce in the high calcined temperature with TiO2 and NH4Cl.

並列關鍵字

TiO2 NH4Cl N-doped Methylene blue

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


何頂立(2008)。利用光催化觸媒結合薄膜程序探討併同處理六價鉻及有機污染物之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺北科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0006-1107200815321800
林廣山(2009)。製備含氮、鐵二氧化鈦披覆粒狀活性碳應用連續式流體化床光催化 處理偶氮染料之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺北科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0006-0608200900212500

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