科學園區超高壓變電所接地故障特性及其影響研究

A Study on the Ground Fault Characteristics and Affections of Ground System of Extra-High Voltage Substation in the Science Parks

黃昱中(Yu-Chung Huang)

指導教授 ： 周至如

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00107

摘要

台電公司持續在各科學園區內興建超高壓變電所(E/S)，做為園區的總電源變電所，供電給園區內各配電變電所(D/S)及161kV用戶，並供電給鄰近地區， 161kV供電線路將匯集至此變電所，短路容量提昇，若發生事故易造成大範圍停電，將對園區造成很大的衝擊，亦可能衍生其他風險造成供電系統、生產設備損壞或是危及人員安全。本研究針對設置於科學園區內、外之超高壓變電所進行比較，探討於變電所345kV側及161kV側及所外輸電線路發生接地故障特性以及對園區用戶的影響，首先應用電磁暫態分析軟體(EMTP/ATP)建立電路模型，模擬各位置發生單相接地故障，觀察匯流排電壓、各回路電流、故障電流於接地系統流竄之情形。藉由前述分析所得注入用戶端地網之電流，應用接地系統分析軟體(CDEGS)來模擬地網電磁暫態及穩態特性包括地電位昇(GPR)、地表電位、接觸電壓、步間電壓、導體電流及地表電磁場之分佈狀況，藉由上述分析結果，最後將評估可能發生之風險包括人員與設備所受的影響。研究結果顯示超高壓變電所設於園區內，變電所接地故障時轉移至園區內用戶之GPR較設置於園區外時大很多，可能對園區內E/S直接供電的用戶有較不利的影響，必須加強防護。

關鍵字

科學園區 ； 超高壓變電所 ； 潛在風險 ； 接地故障 ； 地電位昇

並列摘要

The extra-high-voltage (EHV) substation is erected continuously in each science park by Taiwan Power Company (TPC) for supplying science park and nearby area. The voltage level is transferred from 345kV to 161kV by this substation and then supplying to distribution substations (D/S) and 161kV customers in the science park. It means that most of 161kV feeders are drawn to gather in this substation which will increase the short circuit capacity of 161kV system.The impact on science park due to fault of EHV substation will become very large which may lead to large area outage and other risks which cause personnel, distribution system and equipments to suffer damages. The thesis is to study the Ground Fault Characteristics and Affections of Ground System of Extra-High Voltage Substation at the Science Parks. The system's circuit model is first constructed by using the electromagnetic transient program / alternative transient program(EMTP/ATP), in which the EHV substation's equipments , cables, loads, grounding systems and neutral lines are considered. The model is used to analyze the characteristics of transient state and steady state of single-phase ground fault. The faults are at EHV substation inside and outside. To observing Voltages changing and currents disturbution in the power and grounding system. Finally, a software package for grounding system analysis, namely, CDEGS(Current Distribution Electromagnetic Grounding and Soil Structure Analysis) are used, for the analysis of the distribution of ground potential rise(GPR), potential on the ground surface, touch voltage, step voltage, conductor current and electromagnetic field (EMF) on the ground surface. Then based on the above analysis results, the affections on personnel, equipments and systems are evaluated. The result shows that GPR will be increased at the consumers after EHV substations built at science parks. More strengthen protection measures are required for the consumers supplied by the E/S.

並列關鍵字

Science Parks ； Extra-High-Voltage Substations (E/S) ； Hidden Risks ； Ground Fault ； Ground Potential Rise (GPR)

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