This thesis leads the substrate cooling process. When using liquid nitrogen to cool the substrate to minus one hundred and forty five degree, we use the glancing angle deposition to fabricate the silver nanorod array, and the deposition rate we use are 0.1nm/s and 0.3nm/s. When the rate we use is 0.1nm/s, we can deposite granular structural. When the rate we use is 0.3nm/s, we can deposite silver nanorod array. By comparing the differences of the microscopic structure of the silver nanorod array between the substrate is cooled and uncooled. We can discover that the low temperature can decrease the equivalent diameter of silver nanorod array and the filling vactor of silver nanorod array. About the optical character of silver nanorod array, we can have the equivalent optical constant by measuring the polarization spectra of the silver nanorod array in the low temperature.