台灣火力電廠每年產生之燃煤底灰約37萬公噸,由於底灰之利用率低且掩埋場地有限使燃煤底灰之處理成為目前重要的課題。每年台灣約耗用二千萬噸以上的水泥,且每製造一噸水泥,即產生約一噸的CO2的氣體,對於目前之溫室效應影響甚鉅。而無機聚合樹脂(Geopolymer)為近年來研究出一種類似水泥的新型材料,其反應材料取得容易,具高強度、耐久性及耐酸鹼等特性。故本研究以無機聚合樹脂與燃煤底灰混合製成無機聚合材料,對其各項特性進行探討,以瞭解其應用於營建工程可的可行性。 研究結果顯示,利用燃煤底灰製成之無機聚合材料具隔熱及耐火性質,於1200℃火焰正面噴燒半小時後,其試體背板溫度可維持約425℃。且於SiO2/Na2O莫耳比1.0所製成的無機聚合材料,置入高溫爐中以1100℃持溫一小時進行火害試驗。結果顯示其試體強度可保持原試體1/2之抗壓強度。將試體浸泡於0.352 M硫酸鉀溶液中一至四個月,發現表面無明顯之變化,經研究後得知燃煤底灰製成之無機聚合材料於未來應用在營建工程上具有相當之潛力。
There are about 370,000 tons of thermal power plant bottom ash produced annually by Tai-Power Company in Taiwan. However, only few works had been done in recycling of the coal bottom ashes. The aim of this research work is using coal bottom ash as raw material to fabricate fire resistance geopolymer. The bottom ash-based geopolymers were manufactured by controlling different solution mole ratio of SiO2/Na2O and tried to compare the fire resistance and mechanical properties with standard silica sand geopolymer. Experiment at results showed that the compressive strength of the geopolymer mortar was related to solution of SiO2/Na2O mole ratio, and the lower the solution mole ratio of SiO2/Na2O, the higher is the compressive strength. On the other hand, bottom ash-based geopolymer showed excellent performance in the characteristic of fire resistance properties and potassium sulfate solution properties. Therefore, the coal bottom ash-based geopolymer have great application potential for building materials in the future.