汽車竊盜損失保險之保險詐欺態樣之研究

Auto Theft Loss Coverage - Study on Fraud type for General Insurance

林榮宏(Jung-Hung Lin)

指導教授 ： 林百福

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

汽車竊盜犯罪為社會大眾切身關心之治安問題，亦係民眾對治安感受之重要指標。近來汽車竊盜犯罪更串連和勾結保險詐欺，以人頭戶購車和投保汽車竊盜損失保險後，謊報車輛失竊，詐領保險金後再轉手過戶，不當得利；或低價購買新古車、中古車和事故車，以低市價投保高保額，再謊報失竊，企圖以虛構、隱瞞和偽裝之行徑，利用保險詐欺之手法，遂行其斂財詐財之目的。
本研究係實務之探索性（exploratory）研究，採定性分析（qualitative）之研究設計，將汽車竊盜損失保險之保險詐欺態樣，依案情摘要、案關資料和相關之疑點，分析犯罪手法和特徵，提出防制措施和因應作為，再以本研究者參與和協助偵辦之案例輔以法院判決，加以整理歸納。採用案例實證與綜合歸納之研究方法，將保險詐欺常見之特徵特性作相互比對，藉此嘗試找出保險詐欺之共通性與互異性，再加本研究者實務經驗之見解，提出結論與建議，俾便提供社會大眾、政府機關與保險業界酌參。
本研究之建議:1.針對主管機關和相關單位:（1）強化保險犯罪防制中心組織與資訊平台功能。（2）加強保險詐欺防制之宣導。（3）舉辦保險詐欺防制研討會。（4）設立專責單位和權責機構。（5）推動保險詐欺入罪化之專章立法。2.針對保險業者:（1）重視核保品質，落實核保機制。（2）加強核保及理賠人員之專業知識。（3）強化車籍資料之辨識能力以及車價掌握（4）建置失竊和重大毀損車輛理賠通報之整合機制。（5）加強保險公司與政府機關及相關單位之資訊交換平台。 3.針對車主之建議：（1）瞭解和選擇適合之保險商品。（2）慎選車商、修理廠和保險公司。（3）正確之價值觀與保險概念。

關鍵字

汽車竊盜損失保險 ； 道德危險保險詐欺 ； 新古車 ； 中古車 ； 謊報失竊

並列摘要

Car theft is a safety and security issue that everybody is concerned about, as well as an important index of the public order. Recently car theft has been connected with insurance fraud. The criminals either open an account in someone else’s name to buy a car and get an auto theft loss coverage, make a false car theft report, then sell the car after receiving the compensation, or they buy new- secondhand car, used cars or accident vehicles at a low price and buy insurance with a high premium rate, make a false car theft report, then make illegal money from insurance fraud by making up stories, cheating and hiding.

This study is an exploratory research of the practice with the design of qualitative analysis to analyze the criminal techniques and characteristics according to the details, information and suspicious points of the case, in order to propose fraud prevention and management measures and make a conclusion by aid of the researcher’s participation and assistance in the investigation of a legal case as well as the court decision. It also compares the common features of insurance frauds by means of empirical case and synthesized study and tries to find out the similarity and difference between them. With the researcher’s practical experiences and opinions, the following suggestions are proposed for the reference of the general public, government authorities and insurance companies:

This study suggests: 1. The competent authority and related department should (1) enhance the function of insurance fraud prevention organization and information exchange platform (2) promote the insurance fraud prevention (3) hold seminars on insurance fraud prevention (4) set up responsible department and organization (5) push for legislation to make insurance fraud a crime. 2. The insurance companies should (1) emphasize the underwriting quality and implement the mechanisms (2) strengthen the professional knowledge of underwriters and insurance claims processors (3) intensify the recognition of vehicle information and appraisal of the car value (4) establish the consolidated mechanisms of the report and claim for theft and serious damage of vehicles (5) enhance the information exchange platform between the insurance company, government authority and the related department. 3. The car owner should (1) understand and choose appropriate insurance product (2) pay attention when selecting car dealer, repair shop and insurance company (3) maintain a correct sense of value and have a true understanding of insurance.

並列關鍵字

auto theft loss coverage ； moral hazard ； insurance fraud ； new- secondhand car ； used car ； false car theft

參考文獻

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