綠色工廠框架與清潔生產指標訂定之研究

A Study of Green Factory Frame and Development of Cleaner Production Indicators

曾香斐(Hsiang-Fei Tseng)

指導教授 ： 張添晉

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2011.00200

摘要

近年來面對全球暖化、跨國界環境問題日趨嚴重，已使全球面臨艱辛的挑戰，各國採取各種永續策略，也產生許多新興交易機制，如排放交易制度、碳權實施、碳中和等。而國際間產業發展雖已有相關綠色工廠之行為，但尚無明確之綠色工廠定義，緣此，本研究整合國外對綠色工廠之界定與著重之面向，定義「綠色工廠」為整合綠建築與清潔生產之系統化機制，致力於提升工廠廠房於建造、運作，以及產品產製服務生命週期各階段之環境效益，以符合產業低碳化之目標。
國內外文獻中，雖然已有多位學者在清潔生產之理論及實務上提出建議，但目前尚無任何研究針對工廠清潔生產評估指標導入相關評核系統進行實證研究。有鑑於此，本研究藉由廣泛之文獻回顧與探討，由清潔生產之觀點建立指標架構，並導入創新能力及社會責任等近年來國際間發展趨勢之概念，設計「生產製造」、「環境化設計」、「綠色管理及社會責任」及「綠色創新及其他」等四大面向，以及36項之清潔生產評估指標，透過模糊德爾菲法（FDM）及模糊分析層級程序法（FAHP）篩選出34項適用於清潔生產評估之指標，並確認指標間之重要性及權重值。研究結果顯示，清潔生產前五項重要之評估指標為「生產製造-採用相關清潔生產製程技術」（0.099）、「生產製造-事業廢棄物妥善處理率」（0.085）、「生產製造-管末處理設備能力及設備異常處理機制」（0.085）、「綠色管理及社會責任-自願性溫室氣體減量制度之導入」（0.076）及「綠色管理及社會責任-綠色供應鏈管理」（0.064），其中前三項重要之評估指標皆為「生產製造」面之指標，佔總權重26.77%，更突顯產品於生產製造階段中對於環境衝擊之重要性。
本研究透過綠色工廠框架之建置及清潔生產評估系統指標之擬定，用以評估工廠進行綠色永續發展之程度，使決策者得以研擬綠色永續管理策略，提升國家永續競爭優勢。

關鍵字

綠色工廠 ； 清潔生產指標 ； 模糊德爾菲法(FDM) ； 模糊分析層級程序法(FAHP)

並列摘要

In recent years, the environment face with some difficult challenges, such as global warming, and transnational environmental problems. Therefore, most countries take a variety of sustainable strategies, and most countries develop global environmental specifications. Also, most countries produce many new trading mechanisms, such as emission trading scheme (ETS), carbon right implementation, and carbon neutrality so on. Although there are some associated green factory behavior and action on international industry development, but there is still no clear definition for the “Green Factory”. Thus, this study integrate the definition and focus of the foreign, and to define the “Green Factory“. “Green Factory“ is a systematic mechanism that is combined with “Green Building” and “Clean Production”. It is to enhance the environmental benefits for the stages on construction, operation, and the life cycle of products in factories. It has a goal for low-carbon technology industry.
In addition, although there are some suggestions on the cleaner production of theory and practice. However, there is no any research to do empirical study for inputting cleaner production indicators into factories. Therefore, this study developed the frame of cleaner production indicators with the views with clean production by extensive literature review and discussion. Also, this study is to import the concept of international trends such like innovation ability and social responsibility in recent years. Besides, this study designs four directions：”production and manufacture”, “design for environment”, “green management and social responsibility”, and “innovation with other”. And it combines with 36 cleaner production indicators. Furthermore, this study uses Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to select 34 cleaner production indicators, and to confirm importance and weights on indicators. The results showed that the most important five indicators are “production and manufacture - using cleaner production processes technology” (0.099), “production and manufacture - proper treatment rate of industrial waste” (0.085), “production and manufacture - the end of process equipment capabilities and equipment exception handling mechanism” (0.085), “green management and social responsibility - import of voluntary greenhouse gas reduction system” (0.076), and “green management and social responsibility - green supply chain management” (0.064). The first three important indicators of total weight taking 26.77%, and they are all “production and manufacture” direction of the indicators. It displays the importance of the environmental impact on products by the production and manufacture stages.
This study assesses the degree of green sustainable development by the frame for green factory and cleaner production indicators development. Also, decision-makers can develop green sustainable management strategies to enhance national sustainable competitive advantage.

並列關鍵字

Green Factory ； Cleaner Production Indicators ； FDM ； FAHP

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