利用蝕刻廢液製備鹼式碳酸銅之研究

A Study on the Preparation of Basic Cupric Carbonate from Etching Waste Solution

賴玟君(Wun-Jyun Lai)

指導教授 ： 蔡德華

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/化學工程所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

砷鉻酸銅型（Chromated copper arsenate, CCA）是用量最大的木材防腐劑，其中所含的砷為嚴重的環境污染物，因此禁用CCA是勢在必行的。以鹼式碳酸銅（Basic cupric carbonate）作為新一代木材防腐劑，其代替CCA可帶來不可估量的環保意義，同時也具有廣闊的市場前景。
本研究使用化學沈降法製備Cu(OH)2，依據實際氯化銅廢液之性質，自行配置出含二價銅離子（Cu2+）與自由酸（HCl）之模擬廢液。在固定反應時的溫度及攪拌速率之情況下，加入等量5 N NaOH水溶液，待產物形成後，再以70 ℃∼80 ℃之熱水洗滌以除去雜質。研究結果顯示，CuCl2•2H2O：HCl之莫耳數比為1：3時，可達完全反應，其產物皆呈現藍色膠體沈澱。經由SEM可觀察Cu(OH)2的形狀為棉絮結構，經由TGA實驗結果可發現Cu(OH)2水分失去19.69 %，與Cu(OH)2脫水形成CuO之理論值(18.5 %)相接近，其Cu2+含量大於63 %。
根據實驗找出最佳的Cu(OH)2之條件，再加入不同莫耳比例之Na2CO3/NaHCO3，其控制反應溫度由常溫至90 ℃，反應時間皆為1小時。在此條件下製備出不同比例之xCuCO3•yCu(OH)2。經由SEM觀察可發現鹼式碳酸銅為絨毛球狀，且利用TGA分析出最佳x、y的比例，發現編號C3為最佳之操作條件，可製備出青綠色 CuCO3•Cu(OH)2，且Cu2+含量與AA分析結果相近。

關鍵字

蝕刻廢液 ； 氯化銅 ； 化學沈澱法 ； 氫氧化銅 ； 鹼式碳酸銅

並列摘要

Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) is the biggest wood preservative of consumption. The arsenic included is the serious environmental pollutant, so it is imperative to forbid CCA. Regard basic cupric carbonate as a wood preservative of new one can bring the incredible environmental protection meaning to replace CCA, and provided wide market prospects.
This research used chemical precipitation method to prepare Cu(OH)2, to simulate the real characteristics of wasted etching liquid, prepared wasted liquids containing various concentration of copper ion (Cu2+) and free acid (HCl). Fixed the reaction temperature and rate of stir, then add equivalent 5 N NaOH solution. After the product formed, washed the product in order to remove the impurities by 70 ℃∼80 ℃ water. As a result, the reaction completed when the molar ratio CuCl2•2H2O：HCl = 1：3, and the Product all appears blue colloid to precipitate. SEM showed that Cu(OH)2 cotton-shape, and find Cu(OH)2 moisture to lose 19.69 % by TGA. Cu(OH)2 to dehydrate CuO theory value (18.5 %) to approach, to obtain contains over 63 % of Cu2+.
According to the experiment find out the Cu(OH)2 optimum condition, added Na2CO3/NaHCO3 in different molar ratio, and control reaction temperature from room temperature to 90 ℃, reaction time in one hour. In the above condition, prepared different ratio xCuCO3•yCu(OH)2 SEM showed that basic cupric carbonate pile-shape, and use TGA to analyze optimum x、y ratio, find number C3 optimum operate condition, should to produce dark green CuCO3•Cu(OH)2, and obtain contains of Cu2+ with AA analyze result to approach.

並列關鍵字

Wasted etching liquid ； Copper chloride ； Chemical precipitation method ； Cupric hydroxide ； Basic cupric carbonate

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