依據內政部警政署刑案統計分析,台灣地區50.78%的犯罪發生在建築基地內。其中「住宅社區」的發生率佔27.59%,僅次於交通場所,因此其重要性不可忽視。但我國對於「透過環境預防犯罪」之相關研究可供規劃參考的案例及資訊較為不足,形成在犯罪預防上的缺口。 為改善集合住宅之空間犯罪,將分析現有集合住宅共用空間之犯罪缺失與安全維護,並集結警方、管理單位訪談與居民問卷的意見,並繪製犯罪認知圖,以提出改善建議與方法,供相關單位之規劃參考與預防犯罪為目的。 研究結果結論如下: 一、在犯罪預防方面應著重在三項目,「社會監控、自然監控、設備監控」,且缺一不可,但可從三者中斟酌其設置比重的高低來防治犯罪問題。 二、大部分居民對設備監控較易信任,且多數僅願意花費5000元以下之金錢維護社區與自家安全。 三、在老人與小孩較多之社區比一般社區更應多加強照明,並增加居民之安全感與參與感;且讓女性多參與社區之預防犯罪,並實施對女性較有利之社區預防犯罪。 四、管理單位應說明居民較少知道之共用空間及設備,使居民對住宅社區的安全認知提升;且各集合住宅類型及共用空間應妥善安排安全維護設施,設施選擇要符合易受侵害對象之需求,才能有效預防犯罪。 五、犯罪認知圖的有效利用,並普及於各社區,以建立犯罪防治網絡。
In according to the statistic analysis of criminal cases by the Police Administration of the Ministry of Interior, 50.78% of the crimes committed in Taiwan occur at the construction site. Among them, the occurrence rate of “residence community” amounts to as high as 27.59%, seconded by transportation site, and the importance of which deserves our attention. However, case study and information of relevant research on “Crime prevention through environment” in our country are insufficient to be cited for planning, which forms the loophole on crime prevention. To improve space crime committed in collective residence, information on crime defects and safety maintenance in public space of collective residence is gathered for analysis, while opinions from the police, interview of administration units, and resident questionnaire are pooled to sketch out crime awareness chart, and put forth suggestions and methods for relevant authorities so as to achieve the objectives for crime prevention and be cited as reference for planning. Conclusions of research results are as follows: 1.Focus should be placed on three respective items for crime prevention, which are “social surveillance, natural surveillance, and equipment surveillance,” and none can is negligible. However, the installation ratio of the three can be reckoned of its priority for the problem of crime prevention. 2.The majority of residents are easy to the equipment surveillance to trust, and most is only willing to spend below 5000 NTD. the money maintenance community and the family security. 3.More lighting should be installed at community with more senior and children population, and it is necessary to increase the sense of safety and participation among the residents. Besides, women should be more given chance to take part in crime prevention of community, and more favorable crime prevention of community should be implemented upon women. 4.The administration unit should brief the residents of public space and equipment they know less well so as to enhance their safety recognition towards the community. Besides, safety maintenance facility should be appropriately arraigned for each type of collective residence and their public space, while facility chosen should meet the needs of the easily inflicted subject so as to effectively prevent against crime. 5.Have the crime awareness chart well used and secularized in each of the communities so as to establish crime prevention network.
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