教師是教育改革的核心,亦是落實教育改革的關鍵;國小教師係面對學生的第一線工作人員,屬於高情緒勞務負荷工作者,高情緒勞務工作者的工作績效與工作滿足均明顯比低情緒勞務工作者差。國小教師的工作負荷大,除了教學外,還必須擔負照顧學生之責,造成老師的嚴重負擔。由於情緒耗竭是造成工作倦怠的首要條件,因此國小教師的情緒耗竭現象不容忽視。 本研究旨在探討目前臺北市公立國小教師情緒勞務與情緒耗竭現況,以及不同個人背景變項教師的情緒勞務與情緒耗竭差異情形,並進一步探討情緒勞務與情緒耗竭之相關性。本研究採用問卷調查法,以96學年度臺北市公立國小現職合格教師為研究對象,共計發出600份問卷,回收517份,有效問卷502份,有效問卷回收率為83.60%。依據研究結果,本研究獲致下列結論: 一、臺北市公立國小教師有中高度的情緒勞務負荷及輕微的情緒耗竭。 二、年輕及年長、已婚有子女及未婚、服務1至3年及10年以上、教師兼行政及級任導師的情緒勞務負荷程度相對較高。 三、女性、31至39歲、服務3至10年、碩士學歷及大型學校教師的情緒 耗竭程度相對較高。 四、國小教師的表達正向情緒勞務與情緒耗竭有顯著負相關。 五、國小教師的克制負向情緒勞務與情緒耗竭有顯著正相關。 六、國小教師的處理他人負向情緒勞務與情緒耗竭有顯著負相關。
The purposes of the study are as follows. The first purpose is to investigate the current states of teachers’ emotional labor and emotional exhaustion. The second purpose is to analyze the differences between emotional labor and emotional exhaustion of teachers with various background variables. The third purpose is to explore the relationships between public elementary school teachers’ emotional labor and emotional exhaustion in Taipei city. The study surveyed public elementary school teachers in Taipei city who have been teaching in school year during 2007 to 2008. The samples were 600 teachers selected from 30 public elementary schools in Taipei .Among them, 502 samples were valid. The effective rate of the questionnaire reached 83.60%. Results of statistical analyses provides the following conclusions: 1. The current situation of teachers’ emotional labor is above average;the current situation of teachers’ emotional exhaustion is under average. 2. The emotional labors of those who are young and old, married with children and single, work for 1-3 years and over 10 years, teacher with administrative works and homeroom teachers are above average. 3. The emotional exhaustions of those who are female, 31-39 years old, work for 3-10 years, master degree and large-scaled school teachers are above average. 4. There is a direct negative correlation between expression of positive emotion and emotional exhaustion. 5. There is a direct positive correlation between suppression of negative emotion and emotional exhaustion. 6. There is a direct negative correlation between regulating other’s negative emotion and emotional exhaustion.
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