單顆LED指示燈訊號呈現之認知編碼

燈號在產品的人機互動中扮演著非常重要的角色；它傳遞產品的操作回饋、狀態告知或提示警示等重要訊息。由於產品屬性與品牌多，對於燈號編碼並無規範，造成使用者在認知上的混淆與記憶的負擔，若誤判燈號將造成機械損毀或人員損傷。因此，本研究針對單顆燈號探討使用者對燈號的認知與訊息傳達的合適性，以期能改善人機互動中的燈號編碼。本研究主要分為三階段。第一階段為文獻探討與現有燈號蒐集，探討燈號構成要素有色燈、頻率與閃爍方式，並整理燈號之認知記憶及燈號現況相關文獻。第二階段，以前階段探討結果為基礎，聚焦於單顆燈號並以下列步驟重新編碼充電與加熱兩屬性燈號組，依序為（a）判斷產品屬性、（b）篩選狀態資訊、（c）進行色燈設定、（d）搭配頻率與閃爍方式。第三階段為燈號組驗證階段，透過符碼選用標效為實驗設計依據，規劃出閱讀說明書與否、預設匹配燈號正確與否等四種任務，分別驗證兩組燈號之匹配度與認識度。經過數據整理與分析後結論為：(1)測試本研究燈號編碼，在狀態資訊與燈號之匹配度（matching effect）驗證中，無論是充電或加熱屬性產品燈號組，受測者平均正確率均接近九成，顯示本研究之燈號編碼足以改善傳統燈號編碼混亂的狀況；(2)受測者事先閱讀正確說明書與未閱讀說明書直接進行測驗，其燈號認知正確率差異不大（分別為91%與85%），顯示合適的燈號編碼即使不經過學習亦可直覺認知燈號含意。(3)受測者進行加熱屬性產品之燈號認知任務時所需時間長於充電屬性產品之燈號認知任務時間；顯示受測者解讀加熱屬性產品燈號時，更需費時思考燈號含意。建議設計加熱屬性產品或具危險性產品時，考慮加入更多輔助符碼（如聲音、文字標示等），以幫助使用者更清楚了解狀態資訊並且避免混淆。

關鍵字

LED ；燈號；認知；編碼

並列摘要

Light signals have been playing an important role in human-machine interactions. They deliver information such as statuses, hints, operation feedbacks and warnings. There is no standard for light signal coding among various information property of product interface, that lead to users’ confusions in perception and burdens on memories. Incorrect interpretations of light signals may lead to damage to machines or casualties. Therefore, this study explored users’ perception of single LED signals and examined the pertinency of information delivery, in hopes of improving the light signal coding in human-machine interactions. This study contains three phases. The first phase started with collection of current technologies of light signals and summarizing literature related to perception, memories, followed by discussing elements of composing light signals, including color, frequencies, and flickering pattern,. The second phase focused on recoding single light signals and constructing two sets of light signals, that were designed with instant messaging specifically for electric charging context and heating context, and the coding steps are (a) determining product property, (b) selecting status information, (c) setting colored light, (d) matching corresponding frequency and flickering method . The third phase is the validation of users’ recognization (perceptibility) of light signal sets. (The experiments were designed based on the code selection criteria. And four tasks were summarized, including whether to red instructions, whether corresponding light signals are correct, etc., to verify the recognition degrees and matching degrees of the two sets of light signals. The research findings: (1) Every light signal in both charging context and heating context presented high matching effect. (2) Those did not read users’ instructions were not inferior to those who did in completing the recognizing tasks, which indicated the intuitive perceptibility of the proposed light signal sets. (3) Users took longer time to complete the light signal sets recognizing tasks in heating context than in charging context. The light signal design for heating product or products require security concern needs to employ multimodal interface (combining voice or symbols) for message assuredness.

並列關鍵字

LED ； light signal ； perception ； code

參考文獻

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單顆LED指示燈訊號呈現之認知編碼

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