創新輻射冷卻地板空調性能之實驗研究

An experimental study on the cooling performance of an innovative radiant floor system

張文德(Wen Te Chang)

指導教授 ： 蔡尤溪

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班/碩士(2012年)

摘要

空調系統占整體建築物耗能40〜60%，視為建築物的主要電力負載之一，為達到節能目的，採用輻射冷卻地板可以將顯熱潛熱分開處理的特性來取代一般傳統空調。本研究設計接合式的創新地板模組，運用組裝的方式建立一個輻射冷卻地板系統，並探討其模組的各種特性包括增加輻射面積、改變材質放射係數、供水溫度及供水流量等參數，藉由瞭解相關參數後並透過熱傳分析後，建立輻射冷卻地板空調系統之節能運轉策略，作為未來輻射地板系統發展之基礎。
經實驗發現影響輻射地板系統最主要兩因素為地板與周圍牆壁的溫度差及材質表面的放射係數，而增加少許的輻射面積對熱傳影響效果遠小於溫度的四次方關係。考慮到人體舒適性的問題，地板表面溫度約控制在於19℃〜21℃之間，將送水溫度約限制在17℃〜19℃之間地板表面溫度不至於太低也較不會產生結露現象，將送水流量提高至1.5LPM〜1.8LPM之間可以使水泥內的熱傳較為快速表面溫度差異較小，使人體感到較為舒適，經由本實驗結果顯示，輻射地板的輻射單位熱傳量皆可以達到50〜60W/㎡，故只需搭配經處理之低濕外氣風量，不但提供新鮮外氣，也足以讓空間溫度下降至使人體感到舒適，維持室內空氣品質及節約空調用電。

關鍵字

輻射冷卻地 ； 空調顯熱 ； 輻射熱傳 ； 室內熱舒適

並列摘要

The energy consumption of one building is from forty percent to sixty percent. To reserve energy, the radiation cooling floor replaces the conventional air-conditioning devices with processing the sensitive heat and latent heat separately. In this study, a joint innovative floor model is designed and used to establish radiation cooling system. In addition, we also approach the parameters like following: enlarge the radiation area, change the emissive coefficient of the material and the temperature and the amount of water supply. These parameters could be further used to a analyze heat transfer to set up the radiation cooling air-conditioning system, which could be a potential foundation for the development of this system.
The major factors affecting the system are the temperature differences between the floor and walls surrounded, and the emissive coefficient of the material. Concerning about the other factor, the increase of radiation area influences less. Its effect is less than the four-dimensional relation of temperature.
The surface temperature of the floor should be manipulated between 19℃ to 21℃. The water supply should be limited between 17℃ to 19℃. Combining the two factors, condensation could be reduced and the surface temperature won’t flow greatly by increasing the amount of water supply roughly between 17℃ to 19℃. In this way, we can accelerate the heat transfer within the concrete structure so that the surface temperature of the floor could be more stable.
The results of the experimental investigation show that the heat transfer could reach 50〜60W/㎡. Therefore, we can control the amount of low humidity out-door air. In this way, the human sensitivity and maintain the quality of the in-door air and further reserve the electricity consumption.

並列關鍵字

Radiation cooling floor ； sensible heat ； radiation heat transfer ； indoor thermal comfort

參考文獻

[13] 黃心瑩，屋頂複合式隔熱材料之隔熱性能實驗研究，碩士論文，國立臺北科技大學建築與都市設計研究所，台北，台灣，2009。

[15] 李志鵬，「冷樑與全外氣空調箱系統整合之節能效益與熱舒適度應用研究」，中華技術，第91期，2011，第158-171頁。

[5] X. Jin, X.S. Zhang and Y.J. Luo, “A calculation method for the floor surface temperature in radiant floor system”, Energy and Buildings, no. 42, 2010, pp. 1753–1758.

[6] S. Sattari and B. Farhanieh, “A parametric study on radiant floor heating system performance”, Renewable Energy, no. 31, 2006, pp. 1617–1626.

[7] A. Laouadi, “Development of a radiant heating and cooling model for building energy simulation software”, Building and Environment, no. 39, 2004, pp. 421-431.