環保濾材應用於呈層複合土壤水質淨化系統之研究

A Study of Multi Soil Layering System Using Environment-Friendly Filter Material

王培濠(Pei-Hao Wang)

指導教授 ： 何嘉浚

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2014.00449

摘要

近年來國內開始採用自然淨化處理系統(natural treatment system, NTS)來解決現階段問題，諸如人工濕地、礫間淨化處理系統等，然而此類系統卻常受限於較低的水力負荷率而導致阻塞，故日本發展出一套新興的土壤處理技術「呈層複合土壤水質過濾系統(multi soil layering system, MSL)」，其水力負荷率較大，且因系統設置於地底下，降低了人為的妨害及維護管理，有效改善NTS的缺點。
MSL系統主要由土塊混合層(soil mixing block layer, SML)及透水層(permeability layer, PL)組合而成，日本之MSL案例中以沸石為透水層，然考慮MSL系統材料的在地性及環保性，達到材料本土化之目的。本研究採用在地性且易取得的廢棄環保濾材來取代沸石，並進行一系列的室內實驗，以探討濾料在不同的水力負荷作用下，其水質淨化成效表現，作為後續實務工程材料選擇參考。
由實驗可知，系統在HLR1000 L/m2/day操作下，發泡煉石、牡蠣殼與廢活性碳在淨化NH3-N之成效皆可達90%以上。若從SS與COD處理能力來看，發泡煉石系統去除率83%和87%，而廢活性碳系統則分別是93%和78%，此外發泡煉石和廢活性碳系統在HLR1000~3000 L/m2/day之去除率表現穩定，約有90~95%的TP去除率，因此可利用高HLR增加除磷效率以代替沸石作為MSL之滲透層。
牡蠣殼系統則在HLR 500~800 L/m2/day對於SS和COD去除率表現較佳，但是淨化水內的有機質仍然會影響色度。不過牡蠣殼系統用於去除營養鹽之效果，確實可以替代沸石，且能大大降低組裝MSL系統之成本，有助於大規模之工程運用。

關鍵字

呈層複合土壤 ； 環保濾材 ； 牡蠣殼 ； 發泡煉石 ； 廢活性碳

並列摘要

Now, Taiwan starts running Natural Treatment System (NTS) to solve the current problems, for example, wetland and contact oxidation system, et al. However, this treatment is limited by poor hydraulic loading which gets clogging easily. Therefore, there is a new soil processing technique called Multi Soil Layering System (MSL) in Japan which provided larger load for hydraulic loading locates beneath the ground. This system efficiently improves the defect of NTS, and reduces the manual maintenance and disturbance.
MSL is mainly combined from Soil Mixing Block Layer (SML) and Permeability Layer (PL). In the case of MSL, it is use zeolite as permeable layer in Japan. The objective of this study was, however, to consider the character of localization materials and environmental protection.In this study used easily to abtain the recycling filter of material and in place of zeolite,after that it will also discuss the water cleaning experiment of MSL, and provide a reference to future engineer materials by applying filter material in the different hydraulic loadings.
From the result of experiment, the expanded clay, oyster shell and waste activated carbon systems under a 1000 L/m2/day loading rate effectively reduced the level of NH3-N and TP at percentages of more than 90%. It’s observed the processing capacity from the SS and COD, the expanded clay and the waste activated carbon system effectively reduced the level of SS at percentages of 83% and 93%, respectively. The expanded clay and the waste activated carbon system effectively reduced the level of COD at percentages of 87% and 78%, respectively. Moreover foam Lianshi and waste activated carbon systems HLR1000 ~ 3000 L/m2/day the removal performance and stability, about 90 to 95 percent of TP removal, it can increase the efficiency of phosphorus removal using a high HLR in lieu of zeolite as MSL permeable layer.
Oyster shell system in the HLR 500 ~ 800 L/m2/day SS and COD removal efficiency for better performance, but still inside the water purifying organic matter will affect the color. However, the effect of oyster shell system for the removal of nutrients, can indeed replace zeolite, and can greatly reduce the cost of assembling MSL system use in large-scale engineering.

並列關鍵字

Multi Soil Layering of System ； Environment-Friendly Filter Material ； Oyster Shell ； Expanded Clay ； Activated Carbon

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