社區居民聚集點形成之基礎研究

臺灣在日治初期1897年（明治30年）引進了歐美的市區計畫及建築管理制度，大部分的市街都已公布了都市計畫。在政府都市計劃的休閒活動空間(公園、體育場所、綠地、廣場及兒童遊樂場)之中又以公園最接近人們的生活，且具有休閒、凝聚、文化、教育等多項功能。除了上述的聚集場所外，台灣有另一種特殊的景象，在路邊某些角落居民會隨意放置一些座椅，並在空閒之際聚集在此聊天。然而這些放置點與公園最大的不同在於，它們並無經過政府的規劃。希望透過研究可以找出這些聚集點的共通之處，歸納出聚集點形成的理由。透過106個地點的觀察及紀錄，針對座椅本身的特徵及座椅周圍特徵還有地點附近環境的特徵作整理，進而找出地點的共通之處。結論為下:(1)型式上以有椅背的單人座椅為最多，材質上是以木頭或塑膠為主。(2)座椅數量大多為2至9張，幾乎都會倚靠著建築物而擺放，且大多排成I字型，但有些地點會圍成像小客廳一般。(3)地點所在之處並無受到政府規劃的公園或活動中心等休閒活動空間所影響。(4)地點大多位於7公尺以上的二線道或四線道上，用途多為「住家」或「住商合併」。(5)位置上方大多有遮蔽物，以住家門口的騎樓下或屋簷下為最多。但也有居民會在住家以外，再找個稍微寬闊且有遮蔽物的地方，放置多張的座椅，讓附近的鄰居可以一同聚集於此。

關鍵字

居民；交流；溝通；聚集

並列摘要

During Japanese rule Taiwan in 1897, Taiwan has brought in European urban planning and architecture management and most streets are included. Among leisure places of the government’ city program of park, stadium, green, plaza and children amusement park, the park with recreation, gathering, culture and education is the place closest to people living. In addition to, there is another special outlook. Chairs have been there by residents at the corner for chatting without being followed the government program. It is expected that through study to find out the common gathering places to induce the reason of forming. Through observation and record of 106 places and in the light of chairs and surrounding features and environment, the common places have been found out. The conclusion has been listed below: (1) Wooden or plastic single-seat and with back is at the most; (2) Two to nine chairs will be lean on the erection as an “I” shape; some of them will be as a little sitting room; (3) Location is not influenced by the government planning park or activity center; (4) It is located on 「residents」or 「combination of residents and stores」 above seven meter of second- or fourth-string road; as well as (5) With shelter, arcades or eaves are the most suitable place. Besides, more chairs are put in a spacious and sheltered place in order to allow neighbors for gathering.