天母白屋地景的建構與轉化—一個後殖民的角度

The Construction and Transformation of the Tienmu Whitehouse Building Landscape –A Post-Colonial view

陳策群(Tse-Chun Chen)

指導教授 ： 林靜娟 ； 殷寶寧

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/建築與都市設計研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

Edward Said指出：「在後現代用法裡，被殖民者乃是被迫居於依賴、邊緣地位的群體，被處於優勢的政治團體統治，並被視為較統治者略遜一籌的次等人種。」亦即，殖民關係不只是國與國或民族與民族之間的壓迫，不同的階級、類群差異也可能形成殖民關係。在天母意義型構的過程中，我們以白屋為例，其空間的改造、設置、使用可以解釐出不同國家、民族、階級間的強弱不平衡關係。
本研究的架構可以用兩個概念來理解：「殖民」、「生活」。首先是透過歷時性的空間變遷過程分析與研究，了解白屋怎樣在殖民情境被生產出來來滿足美軍駐台的生活，在美軍撤台後白屋的變遷過程是如何繼續延續殖民的歷史狀況，而發展成現今我們認知的充滿高級象徵、異國情調的天母。再者是透過白屋的保存運動，讓我們得以重新以一個地方生活者的角度出發，用「生活」（日常生活）的視野去理解，白屋怎麼在天母地區與當地居民相遇與互動的過程。也因此，透過居民的視野，及保存運動本身（動作）才得以讓我們更寬廣的認識及重新定義白屋地景，而得以解除白屋單一的「殖民」意涵，強化保存白屋運動的動能，是為解殖的過程。
本研究主要內容如下：
一、過去的生產歷史：台銀如何生產出這些美軍宿舍？其對待土地跟環境的方式，與當地紋理斷裂及手段粗暴的殖民心態，以及外部的美國殖民事實為何？
二、白屋的變遷過程。
三、「生活」在天母：從當地的生活看天母是什麼，白屋原本是一直殖民記憶的符號，白屋已經融入當地生活。透過生活的痕跡，檢視白屋在天母地景變遷中所扮演的角色。
四、國家資產的處理方式及白屋保存運動：歷史的割裂。粗暴的手段依舊；在此希望推演出來的是歷史保存與再利用的問題。

關鍵字

天母 ； 白屋 ； 殖民 ； 保存 ； 美軍宿舍

並列摘要

Edward said that within the expression usage of post modern art, the colonized people are compelled to reside within the groups of dependence and humble social brim status reigned over by the prevalent political groups and they are belittled as the secondary species inferior to the ruling groups. Namely, the colonized relationship is not merely a type of oppression among nations and peoples. People from various ranks and groups can also form the colonized relationship. Within the process for the formation of Tienmu Meaning, we can take the White House building for example. From the space reconstruction, layout and applications, we can make good use to delineate the imbalance relationship among various nations, peoples and social ranks.
The framework of this research can be understood by using two different concepts, namely colonization and life. We firstly perceive how the White House building is created to satisfy the life of Taiwan-stay USA soldiers under the colonized settings through the time-progressing landscape analysis and research. How the transition after US soldiers retreating from Taiwan continuing the colonized history settings to form what we recognize as the superior symbols of exotic Tienmu area. Furthermore, through the conservation efforts made for the White House building, it can allow us with a renewed angle of a local person. With the vision of life (daily life), we can insightfully perceive the counter and interaction process between the Tienmu area and its locals. Also, through the vision of locals together with the conservation activity itself, it can allow us with wider perception to re-definite the landscape of the White House building so that we can release the single meaning of colonization. The impetus to enhance the activity and conserve the White House building is exactly the process of de-colonization.
The major contents of this research are described as below:
1. The History Created in the Past: How can the Taiwan Bank create such USA soldier dormitories? How about the manners of people doing to their own land and environment and how about the local rein fracture of human culture and rude colonization attitude together with the external facts of USA colonization activities?
2. The Transition of the White House building
3. “Life” in Tienmu Area: what can we expect from the local life at Tienmu area? The White House building is originally a memory symbol of colonization and this building have dissolved into peoples' local life. Through life signs, we can inspect the real role played by the White House building within the Tienmu landscape transition.
4. The Solutions of National Inheritance Property and the Conservation Activities for the White House building: the fracture of history. The rude manners of colonization are still kept in people’s mind. It is our sincere expect about what we have deduced can focus on the issue of historical conservation and reuse.

並列關鍵字

Tienmu ； White House ； Colony ； Conservation ； USA Military Dormitory

參考文獻

一、書籍

[1] 士林鎮誌編篡委員會，士林鎮誌，台北：士林鎮公所，1968。

[2] 陳正祥，台北市誌，1957。

[3] 龍應台編，台北市地名與路街研革史，台北市文獻會，2002。

[4] 劉如桐、林佛國主編，台北縣年鑑，台北縣文獻委員會出版，台北縣政府印刷所，1967。