生命週期永續性評估之應用研究─以太陽能產品為例

Study on the Applications of Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment-Case Study of a Solar Product

顏哲揚(Je-Yang Yan)

指導教授 ： 胡憲倫

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2013.00474

摘要

「永續消費與生產」，是人類達到永續發展的必要作為，因其同時考量環境保護、經濟發展和社會公平，亦為目前國際所共同追求之目標。生命週期評估(Life Cycle Assessment)是國際上產品分析常用之方法，但此方法較著重於環境面向之評估，而這對於日益複雜之產品系統，以及國際上對於產品永續性之需求是有所不足；是以本研究嘗試透過UNEP的生命週期永續性評估(Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment, LCSA)，來探討產品永續性評估之方法及其應用性。
LCSA為聯合國環境規劃署於2011年所提出之產品評估方法，目前於聯合國環境規劃署之定位尚屬於宣導性質，是故相關之評估架構尚不完整。本研究透過文獻回顧方式，分別制定「以盤查為導向」和「以衝擊為導向」之評估架構；之後，並以某企業產品─多晶矽太陽能模組之實際案例進行研究，以此說明方法學之意義與工具應用於產品以及企業上之實際情況。
研究經「永續熱點」分析結果顯示，對於多晶矽太陽能模組而言，其最應優先改善之永續熱點為晶圓(Wafer)，其中又以環境和經濟面向，相較於社會面向而言，為應優先改善之面向。此外根據研究結果亦發現，生命週期永續性評估對於企業而言可為內部評估管理工具，對外則可成為一溝通工具。
透過本研究所進行之案例可以發現，生命週期永續性評估是可實際進行應用之工具，而方法學所呈現之永續整合意義，亦可被使用者進行接受。但是生命週期永續性評估於目前而言並沒有類似於國際標準之評估流程，並且在評估架構上，仍顯得冗長繁複。未來評估架構的簡化，應是產品生命週期永續性評估之重要改進方向。

關鍵字

生命週期永續性評估 ； 生命週期成本 ； 社會生命週期 ； 多晶矽太陽能模組 ； 永續熱點

並列摘要

Sustainable Consumption and Production (SC&P) are requisites for human sustainable development for it considers environmental protection, economic development and social justice, which are currently goals pursued globally. Life cycle assessment is a common analysis method, however, it focuses on the environmental aspect and could not fulfill the demands for assessing sustainability of complex products. Hence, the study attempts to understand product sustainability assessment and its application by exploring UNEP’s product life cycle sustainability assessment (LCAS).
Life cycle sustainability assessment is still in its infancy and the assessment framework has not been completed yet. Based on the extended literatures, this study developed two evaluation frameworks through both inventory-oriented and impact-oriented perspectives. A solar product -multi-crystalline silicon photovoltaic module was adopted as a case study for applying the developed assessment methodology to know its merits, drawbacks and applicability.
In this study, several “sustainable hotspot” were identified and it is found that wafer is the most prioritized area that needs to be improved in terms of environmental and economic aspects. Moreover, the results showed that life-cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) not only can be a management tool for companies internally, but also as a tool for communication externally.
Through the case study, it was observed that life cycle sustainability assessment is an applicable tool, and the methodology presented is acceptable. At present, LCSA hasn’t had a complete assessment framework; hence the proposed frameworks developed in this study seem lengthy and complicated. Simplification of the structure should be the main focus of improvement in the future.

並列關鍵字

Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment ； Life cycle cost ； Social life cycle assessment ； Multi-crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module ； Sustainable Hotspot

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