適用於隨機分佈無線感測器網路之多指標節能路由協定

Design of Multi-objective Energy-efficient Routing Protocol for Randomly Distributed Wireless Sensor Networks

司仕豪(Shih-Hao Szu)

指導教授 ： 曾傳蘆

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

在多變的無線感測器網路拓樸中，如何有效率地使用有限的能源一直是眾多學者致力研究的重點。因此，本論文提出一適用於隨機分佈無線感測器網路之多指標節能路由協定(Multi-objective Energy-efficient Routing protocol for Randomly distributed wireless sensor networks, MERR)，藉由模糊C-平均值演算法對網路節點進行分群以平衡每一族群間的能量消耗，並挑選剩餘能量最多之節點作為該族群的群首，再利用節點的剩餘能量、傳輸距離及負載數量作為路徑選擇的考量指標。其主要目的是為了使無線感測器網路系統在任何隨機分佈的網路拓樸環境下，皆能有效平衡網路節點的能量消耗進而延長網路節點的存活時間，使網路有更佳的能源使用效率。
根據本文的模擬結果顯示，MERR協定在每封包的平均能量消耗上較PEGASIS協定及LEACH協定至少減省約10%以上。此外，網路發生第一顆節點死亡的時間也較兩者要延長120%以上。由此可見MERR協定具有更佳的能源使用效率，能使網路系統擁有更長的操作時間。

關鍵字

節能 ； 多指標 ； 隨機分佈 ； 無線感測器網路

並列摘要

For the changing topology of wireless sensor networks, how to efficiently use the limited energy resources is a very important issue that many scholars have focused on. This thesis therefore presents a multi-objective energy efficient routing protocol for randomly distributed wireless sensor networks, called the MERR, to achieve this goal. This routing protocol uses a fuzzy C-Means algorithm for the network nodes in each cluster to balance the energy consumption for each clusters, selects the node of the highest residual energy as the cluster head of a cluster, and then determines routes based on the residual energy in nodes, the transmission distance between nodes and the loading number of nodes. It aims to effectively balance the energy consumption for network nodes thus extending the survival time of the nodes in any randomly distributed sensor networks.
According to the simulation results in this thesis, the proposed routing protocol MERR reduces at least ten percent of the average consumption for each packet, compared to using the PEGASIS and LEACH routing protocols. In addition, the routing protocol prolongs the time of death of nodes. When using the MERR, the survival time for first node to die is 120 percent longer than those adopting the PEGASIS and LEACH routing protocols. Hence, the routing protocol MERR is more energy efficient, and network systems equipped with MERR can have a longer operating time.

並列關鍵字

Energy Efficiency ； Multi-Objective ； Randomly Distribution ； Wireless Sensor Networks

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