單點增量成形刀具路徑規劃與成形力之研究

Tool Path Planning and Forming Forces Investigations on Single Point Incremental Forming Processes

黎建宏(Chien-Hung Li)

指導教授 ： 蔡哲雄

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/製造科技研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

目前板金以單點增量成形在路徑規劃上之研究，大部份針對步階式路徑之成形力做探討，本文規劃兩種路徑模式，即步階式路徑及螺旋式路徑，以比較其成形過程力量、成品表面品質、成形傾角極限、厚度分佈及表面粗糙度的差別。本文使用CAD/CAM系統產生階梯式與螺旋式兩種成形路徑，並自行設計製作成形夾治具，透過CNC銑床進行實驗以探討單點增量成形在兩種路徑模式下成形力量的趨勢比較，結果顯示螺旋路徑之成形力較為穩定，並有較佳的表面品質。本文接著進一步探討兩種路徑能夠完成錐形成品的最大傾斜角，實驗結果發現螺旋路徑模式比步階式路徑模式能加工出更大傾斜角的成品。量測厚度分佈方面，在兩種路徑模式下，顯示路徑模式對於厚度分佈影響較小，但沖頭直徑越大，零件厚度則越薄。探討表面粗糙度方面，路徑模式與沖頭直徑對於表面粗糙度影響較小，但垂直步階越大，顯示表面粗糙度品質較差。

關鍵字

單點增量成形 ； 刀具路徑規劃 ； 成形力 ； 步階式路徑 ； 螺旋式路徑

並列摘要

In recent years, studies of tool path planning in single point incremental sheet forming (SPIF) were mostly focused on the step-type tool path forming forces. This paper planned two tool path models, step-type tool path model and spiral tool path model, in single point incremental forming operations and investigated the differences of forming forces, finished surface quality, forming limit of wall-angle, thickness and surface roughness between these two path models. This paper used CAD / CAM system to generate the step-type and spiral-type forming paths of punch and output NC (numerical control) codes of these tool paths in order to perform SPIF experiments on CNC milling machine. The experimental sheet material was appropriately fixed in a special designed clamping fixture mounted on the dynamometer in order to measure the SPIF forces during punch tool moving driven by NC commands. The results show the spiral path model can get more stable forming forces and better surface quality than that of step-type path model. This paper also tested the maximum formed wall-angle of the cone work-piece by using step-type path and spiral path models. The experimental results show that the spiral path model has a little better than the step-type model. For the measured thickness distribution, the thickness is thinner with increasing punch diameter. The measured surface roughness shows that the tool path models and the punch diameter have less affected, but the surface will be roughing when vertical step is large.

並列關鍵字

Single point incremental forming (SPIF) ； Tool path planning ； Forming force ； Step-type tool path ； Spiral tool path

參考文獻

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