複合動力公車油耗污染與性能評估

Evaluating the Fuel Consumption, Emission,and Performance of the Hybrid Electric Bus

魏榮宏(Rung-Hung Wei)

指導教授 ： 吳浴沂

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/車輛工程系所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

柴油引擎所排放之廢氣如氮氣化合物(NOx)及粒狀污染物(Particulate Matter，簡稱PM )已對環境造成嚴重威脅，尤以都會區為甚。為了降低都會區公車的油耗污染，複合動力車輛結合了內燃機引擎與電動馬達之優點，可有效的改善燃油效率及降低排氣污染，是很好的選擇。本文主要參考ADVISOR的反向法（Backward-facing simulation），來建置一個並聯式複合動力模型，並且比較複合動力公車及一般傳統公車，配合本研究自建的台北市公車行車型態與使用國外常用的公車行車型態，利用其車輛行駛所需車速轉換成驅動車輛所需要之扭力與速度，再使用控制策略分配動力輸出及輸入，以得到引擎耗油量、廢氣排放及車輛行駛性能等結果，來進行分析與討論。模擬結果顯示，在台北市公車行車型態(模擬9000秒)的燃油經濟性上，以GM-Allison 複合動力公車而言， 比一般公車改善66%，在排污方面，對於CO排放可改善83%、HC可改善59%、NOx可改善66%、PM可改善62%。

關鍵字

複合動力公車 ； 反向式模擬 ； 台北市公車行車型態

並列摘要

The exhaust gas emissions from diesel engine such as NOx, Particulate Matter (PM) have been caused a serious problem to the environment, especially in metropolitan city. In order to reduce the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions for metropolitan bus, hybrid-electric vehicle system is a good choice, because it combines the advantages of internal combustion engine and electrical motor that can improve fuel consumption and reduce exhaust emissions effectively.
This paper constructed a parallel type hybrid-electric bus model, which is based on backward-facing simulation of ADVISOR. The hybrid-electric bus are simulated to compare with the traditional diesel bus. Four different driving patterns are employed: Taipei City Bus Cycle which is established in this paper, New York Bus Cycle, Manhattan Cycle, and Central Business District Cycle. Three different control strategies of power control, torque control, and speed control are also studied.
The simulating results depicted that the GM-Allison hybrid-electric bus can improve 66% of fuel economy compared with the conventional diesel bus. As for the exhaust emissions, the concentrations of CO HC NOx and PM are reduced by 83% 59% 66% and 62%, respectively.

並列關鍵字

hybrid-electric bus ； backward-facing simulation ； Taipei bus cycle

參考文獻

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