銨鹽效應在二氧化鈦奈米粒子的製備及染料敏化太陽能電池應用

The effect ammonium salts on the preparation of TiO2 nanoparticles for dye-sensitized solar cells

蔡昇翰(Sheng-Han Tsai)

指導教授 ： 蘇昭瑾

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/有機高分子研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本研究利用異丙醇鈦 ( TTIP ) 作為製備二氧化鈦前驅物，並用在鹼性條件下以水熱法製備具奈米結構的方形二氧化鈦。在進行水熱反應前的二氧化鈦溶液中，加入不同烷基鏈的銨鹽：氨水 ( NH4OH ) 、氫氧化四甲銨 ( TMAH )、氫氧化四乙銨 ( TEAH ) 及氫氧化四丁銨 ( TBAH ) 用以調控二氧化鈦的結晶過程。反應完成後的二氧化鈦晶相、形狀與形貌將用XRD、TEM、SEM進行晶相、形狀及形貌分析。研究結果可以發現水熱完成後的二氧化鈦晶相為純銳鈦礦相，而且具有緊密排列的方形結構。烷基長度與水熱時間對於方形奈米二氧化鈦的成形有明顯的影響，當添加具有較長烷基的結構，形成方形奈米二氧化鈦所需的時間就越短，反之亦然，上述的方形二氧化鈦也將製備成為光陽極材料，並應用在染料敏化太陽能電池上，本研究並系統性的比較烷基長度對於所得二氧化鈦應用在染料敏化太陽能電池光電轉換效率的影響。

關鍵字

水熱法 ； 二氧化鈦 ； 氨水 ； 氫氧化四甲銨 ； 氫氧化四乙銨 ； 氫氧化四丁銨 ； 方形結構二氧化鈦 ； 球形結構二氧化鈦 ； 混摻 ； 染料敏化太陽能電池

並列摘要

TiO2 nanocubes were synthesized by hydrolysis of titanium tetra-isopropoxide as Ti precursors, followed by hydrothermal treatment under the basic condition. Various kinds of TiO2 colloids were prepared by adding ammonium salts with different alkyl chains such as ammonium hydroxide, tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, and tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide before hydrothermal crystallization. The crystal phase, shape, and morphology of TiO2 nanocubes were studied by XRD, TEM, and SEM analysis. It was found that the TiO2 nanocubes were pure anatase and tended to assemble with well-ordered and close-packed domains. Both alkyl length and hydrothermal duration influence the TiO2 nanocube formation efficiency. The ammonium salts with longer alkyl chain could form TiO2 nanocubes in shorter hydrothermal time and vice versa. The above TiO2 nanocubes were applied as photoanode materials in dye-sensitized solar cells. A systematic comparison between alkyl chain length and the photo-conversion efficiency of DSSCs fabricated by various TiO2 nanocubes were discussed in this work.

並列關鍵字

Hydrothermal ； Anatase ； Ammonium hydroxide ； Tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide ； Tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide ； tetrabutylammoniumhydroxide ； nanocube ； ball-like titanium dioxide ； Dye-sensitized solar cell

參考文獻

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