架空輸電線路建模及雷害防治對策

Overhead Transmission Line Modeling and Lightning Damage Prevention Countermeasure

吳建澄(Jiann-Cherng Wu)

指導教授 ： 王順源 ； 曾傳蘆

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2010.00496

摘要

本研究主要探討架空輸電線路建模及其相關的雷害防治對策。首先，本研究以Tflash軟體建置參數條件一致之架空輸電線路模型，接著應用降低接地電阻、增加絕緣強度及安裝線路避雷器等不同雷害防治方式探討雷擊特性分析。此外，本論文考慮台灣電力公司新竹~竹東及龍水~竹東段69 kV架空輸電線路參數，建立實際模型並搭配不同的改善方式以分析落雷閃絡機率。經由雷擊特性分析得知，降低接地電阻可減少雷擊時鐵塔之塔腳電壓，但對雷擊中導線時則無明顯成效；增加絕緣強度增加了最大閃絡電壓值可減少逆閃絡機會；安裝線路避雷器則有明顯改善線路雷擊時之鐵塔電壓上升情形。在應用實際線路模擬閃絡次數分析時發現，線路接地電阻小於10 Ω時，將接地電阻改善至5 Ω以下時，則其雷害改善成效較無成效，而增加絕緣強度對於逆閃絡及遮蔽失敗閃絡改善上有明顯成果。至於安裝線路避雷器則需視安裝位置是否正確，否則將造成其他鐵塔閃絡機率上升。若不考慮成本問題則以全面裝設避雷器效果最佳，但由於線路避雷器價格昂貴，輸電線路全面裝設所需金額龐大，因此在考慮部分線路裝設前需先經過模擬來考慮某些鐵塔裝設避雷器後對於其他鐵塔之影響，以獲得最佳防雷效果。

關鍵字

架空輸電線路 ； 線路模型 ； 逆閃絡 ； 遮蔽失敗

並列摘要

The thesis is devoted to the study on overhead transmission line modeling and related lightning damage prevention. First, by using the Tflash software, the transmission line model with the same parameters is built. Consequently, this research adopts different lightning prevention methods, such as reducing grounding resistance, increasing insulation strength, and installing line arresters to analyze lightning strikes characteristics. Moreover, we use the parameters of 69 kV overhead transmission lines, which are deployed at Taiwan Power Company’s Hsinchu- Jhudong and Longshuei-Jhudong sections, to establish a practical model. This model linking up with different lightning prevention methods can analyze the probability of lightning flashover.
From the lightning strikes characteristics, we observe that if the grounding resistance is reduced, the tower-foot voltage is reduced accordingly during the lightning strikes. No significant effects are found while the lightning strikes on the conductor. Also, increasing insulation strength increases the value of maximum flashover voltage and reduces the backflashover. In addition, the installation of line arresters improves significantly the rise of tower voltage when the lightning strikes. From the simulation of the probability of lightning flashover, it shows that when the transmission line grounding resistance is less than 10 Ω, the effect of which reducing grounding resistance to improve lightning damage is insignificant. There are significant improvements in backflashover and shielding failure flashover by increasing the insulation strength. If the arrester is installed on the incorrect location, the probability of flashover of other towers will increase. Installing line arresters thoroughly obtains the best performance if no budget limit. However, the installation cost increases tremendously since the arresters are expensive. The effect of arrester installation on the flashover of other towers can be simulated using the proposed method and the locations of arresters can be found to get the compromise between the installation cost and flashover influence.

並列關鍵字

Overhead Transmission Line ； Transmission Line Model ； Backflashover ； Shielding Failure Flashover

參考文獻

[2] IEEE STD 1243-1997, IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Transmission Lines , IEEEE Power Engineering Society, 26, June 1997.

[1] EPRI, Handbook for Improving Overhead Transmission Line Lightning Performance, December 2004.

[3] 輸電工程手冊，台灣電力公司輸變電工程處。

[4] 架空線路設計準則，台灣電力公司，96年4月10日。

[5] 線路絕緣設計標準，台灣電力公司，87年10月2日。