陶瓷雷射燒結法製作陶殼模之分層問題改良

Eliminating the Occurrence of Delamination during Fabricating Ceramic Shell Mold by Ceramic Laser Sintering

何政安(Jheng-An He)

指導教授 ： 湯華興 ； 嚴孝全

國立臺北科技大學/機電學院/製造科技研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究的目的為改良陶瓷雷射燒結法製作陶殼模之分層問題。根據以前的經驗，判斷分層是因為黏土在清料時膨脹所造成的，所以本文以PVA代替火山黏土為黏結劑製作陶瓷工件。因新製程在掃描後工件變色明顯，在掃描過後的影像中發現雷射掃描時產生錯位、以及功率大小不均勻的問題，且分層現象依舊，所以說明黏土膨脹可能不是造成分層的來源，所以再以火山黏土為黏結劑來探討解決之道。
經實驗分析造成工件分層的主因為面重疊率不正確，面重疊率不正確又分為變質層厚不正確及鋪層層厚不正確兩大類。變質層厚不正確的原因包含掃描錯位、功率不穩、雷射焦距及雷射機器等問題；掃描錯位時將雷射頭復歸動作由程式原點更改為機械原點即可解決；由掃描過後的影像中顯示功率不穩時，需做重新掃描的動作；鋪層面與掃描面不見得為完全平行，置於雷射束焦點上加工，才能確保變質層線深的穩定性；在掃描前重複做雷射功率測試的暖機動作，確保Power Meter的功率顯示及設定的Duty值達穩定狀態。而鋪層層厚不正確的原因包含工作溫度、鋪層動作及升降平台等問題；工作溫度高低會造成平台有所升降，因此鋪料前要先預熱及確保與上次的工作高度相同；鋪層後要去除兩邊多餘的殘料，以免刮刀退回時因摩擦到而導致高度有所升降；懸臂機構為造成平台上下晃動的主因，製作一套平穩的升降平台為刻不容緩的事。改善之後製作700層完整且不分層的灑水器陶殼模來驗證成果。

關鍵字

陶瓷雷射燒結法 ； 陶殼模 ； 分層 ； 黏結劑

並列摘要

The aim of this paper is to improve delamination problem during the ceramic laser sintering process. According to the beforehand experience, it’s able to know the delamination is caused by caly flated during the claering process. Due to the reason, this research used PVA to replace clay as binder to manufacture caramic workpiece. But after scanning, there are two problem of image dislocation and laser power non-uniform. And the delamination appeared still, so the clay flated is not the main reason of delamination. It is deside to use clay as the binder to determine the solution.
Analyzes after the experiment causes the work piece lamination the principal factor not to be correct for surface overlapping rate, surface overlapping rate is not correct divides into the deterioration level thick not correct and the shop layer upon layer thick not correct two broad headings. The deterioration level thick not correct reason contains the scanning dislocation, the power not steady, questions and so on laser focal distance and laser machine; Scans when the dislocation then solves the laser regression movement by the program zero point change for the mechanical origin; By scanning from now on phantom in demonstrated when the power is not steady, must make the movement which scans; Layer surface and scanning surface not necessarily for completely parallel, puts on the thunder beam focal point to process, can guarantee the deterioration level line deep stability; Is redundant before the scanning makes the laser power test the warm machine movement, guaranteed that Power Meter the power demonstrates and the hypothesis Duty value reaches the steady state. But spreads layer upon layer the thick not correct reason to contain questions and so on operating temperature, layer movement and moving platform; The operating temperature height will cause the platform to have the fluctuation, therefore before the shop material, must first preheating and guaranteed that will be the same with the previous time operational height; After the layer, must remove two side unnecessary remnants, in order to avoid the shaving knife returns time because of rubs causes to have the fluctuation highly; The bracket organization to create the principal factor which the platform rocks up and down, manufactures a set of steady moving platform for the urgent matter. After the improvement, manufactures 700 completely, and the lamination the water ceramic case mold does not confirm the achievement.

並列關鍵字

Ceramic Laser Sintering ； Ceramic Shell Mold ； Delamination ； binder

參考文獻

[13] 周景澔，利用漿料法快速原型技術製作陶殼模，碩士論文，國立台北科

[14] 陳皇印，陶瓷雷射快速原型製程優化及應用，碩士論文，國立台北科技

北科技大學製造科技研究所，台北，2004。

北科技大學機電科技研究所，台北，2007。

國立台北科技大學製造科技研究所，台北，2000。