水性聚氨基甲酸酯/改質化 Silica複合材料合成與性質研究

Preparation and characterization of waterborne Polyurethane with fumed silica composites

張瓊文(CyongWun- Jhang)

指導教授 ： 段葉芳

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2013.00678

摘要

PU是由軟鏈端與硬鏈端交替組成的嵌段式共聚物，軟鏈端造成了PU的柔軟性，而硬鏈端因氫鍵鍵結提供了PU的剛性，由於不同比例軟硬鏈端使得功能廣泛應用相當多元。在環保意識下，水性PU(Waterborne Polyurethane,WPU)則利用水取代了傳統PU的揮發性溶劑，可以大幅降低溶劑的使用。添加疏水性氣相二氧化矽後製成的高分子複合材料，不但加強了WPU性質也達到環保意識的維護。
實驗探討，首先針對個別加入Poly tetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG)
、Polycarbonatediols(PCDL)不同的多元醇而合成的WPU以及分別添加不同重量含量的疏水性氣相二氧化矽對於高分子材料及其結合而成的複合材料物性的影響。
測試研究分析，是利用傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀(FTIR)觀察合成時的特徵峰，並由核磁共振光譜儀(NMR)確定合成的高分子結構，並以凝膠滲透層析儀
(GPC)觀察分子量聚合度，再使用熱種分析儀(TGA)得知裂解溫度。而利用示差掃描熱卡計(DSC)了解其玻璃轉化溫度度與結晶狀態。同時也利用接觸角(CA)了解合成出的材料與水的潤濕性能，且從電子掃描顯微鏡(SEM)觀察其外觀性質特性。

關鍵字

水性聚氨基甲酸酯 ； 疏水性氣相二氧化矽 ； 複合材料

並列摘要

Segmented Polyurethane is a kind of block copolymer. From the structure , we could separated into two parts, the soft property and hard property .The soft property of polyurethane is built up by the soft part and the hard part of the ploy because of the hydrogen bond results stiffness by Isophorone diisocyanate and chain extender and hydrophobic Fumed Silica. Hence,this class of materials has received wide attention for their synthesis morphology chemical and mechanical properties, and in environmental awareness, the water-based PU is using water to replace volatile solvents dramatically reducing the use of solvents.
This paper studies the dispersible polyurethanes were prepared from IPDI、1, 4-BDA、DMPA with different polyol compound types of PTMEG、PCDL and followed by adding different content hydrophobic Fumed Silica prepare WPU/silica hybrids.
The hybrid was characterized by using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) was used to identify the chemical structure of polyurethane. The thermal properties were investigated using Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The effect of hydrophobic Fumed Silica contents was studied on degradation temperature、glass transition temperature and stability. The degradation temperature of hybrid film slightly increasing with hydrophobic Fumed Silica contents and the glass transition temperature of pure WPU glass transition temperature of greater than adding the hydrophobic fumed silica. While the observed molecular weight by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) the degree of polymerization and using contact angle (CA) for the synthesis of the material and the wetting properties of the water. Finally, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) examinations hydrophobic films indicated that the Fumed Silica were well dispersed in the matrix.

並列關鍵字

Aqueous polyurethane ； hydrophobic fumed silica ； composite materials

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