傑出女性創業家創業歷程及關鍵成功因素之研究

A Study of Entrepreneurial Process and Key Success Factors for Outstanding Female Entrepreneurs

許校翎(Hsiao-Ling Hsu)

指導教授 ： 林宜玄

國立臺北科技大學/人文與科學學院/技術及職業教育研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

創業不難但想要創業成功卻不容易，因創業會面臨無數的危機與不確定性。創業成功需要訂定一個明確的目標，而其中關鍵成功因素的掌握，更是影響著創業成敗與否。全球方興未艾的創業風潮中，舉凡先進國家不論是政府部門、學術界或企業界，對於創業管理研究議題深感重視。因此本研究探討其創業歷程與填補國內女性創業關鍵成功因素研究的缺口，採用深度訪談法，訪談7位榮獲國家層級獎項的女性創業家，本研究獲致下列結論：
一、傑出女性創業家主要以因緣巧合與外在誘因、改善生活環境影響而創業
二、透過相關工作經驗與專長、產品趨勢、個人的興趣及嗜好等途徑發現創業機會
三、傑出女性創業家在整體經濟尚可階段，產業環境為競爭者少下創業，採取市場區隔或產品差異化的方式
四、創業初期資金以自身儲蓄為主，投入簡單的機器設備，人力招募以親友介紹、登報的方式居多；營運階段等公司有盈餘後再擴充事業或建立廠房，人力招募則透過人力銀行及產學合作尋找專業人才
五、創業困境在經營管理方面遭遇問題最多，且面對困境時會找尋資源及解決方法
六、女性傑出創業家關鍵成功因素包含獲得家人支持、人格特質、具備專業背景、資源運用及經營管理

關鍵字

女性創業家 ； 創業歷程 ； 創業關鍵成功因素

並列摘要

Starting business is not difficult but it is not easy to run it successfully due to countless crisis and uncertainty. Entrepreneurial success needs to set a clear objective and a planning process. Grasping key factors also dominates the success. Under the agitation of business venture around the world, no matter the government, academia or even the enterprises of developed countries, they all put much effort on the research of “Entrepreneurship Management”. This research will investigate entrepreneurial process and fill the vacancy of the successful factors to female entrepreneur. Through in-depth interview, we have had deep discussion with seven female entrepreneurs who were reward with national award and the research conclusions were listed down:
1.Outstanding female entrepreneurs mainly due to coincidence, the external incentives and improvement the living environment environment affect entrepreneurship.
2.Outstanding female entrepreneurs find entrepreneurial opportunities primarily by means of relevant working experience and expertise, product trends, personal interests and hobbies.
3.Business environment for the economy as a whole can still stage for outstanding female entrepreneurs. Outstanding female entrepreneurs face fewer competitors, and have specific object or product differentiation in the industrial environment.
4.Outstanding female entrepreneurs own their savings, set up simple machine equipment and recruit for relatives or friends introduction, advertised mostly in early stage of entrepreneurship. For operational stage, after company has a surplus to expand or establish of plant.
5.Outstanding female entrepreneurs face difficulties in operation and management aspect to find solutions.
6.Outstanding Women Entrepreneur key success factors include family support, personality characteristics, professional background, using of resources and management.

並列關鍵字

female entrepreneur ； entrepreneurial process ； entrepreneurial key success factor

參考文獻

蔡依倫、謝如梅（2008）。女性創業推動之模式建構與案例分析：社會行銷觀點。創業管理研究，3（1），61-92。

陳家聲、吳亦慧（2007）。華人創業家心理與行為特質之初探。創業管理研究，2（1），1-30。

劉常勇、謝如梅（2006）。創業管理研究之回顧與展望：理論與模式探討。創業管理研究，1（1），1-43。

田秀蘭（1999）。女性對生涯阻礙知覺之質的分析。教育心理學報，31（1），89-107。

褚家雯（2008）。女性創業家創業之研究－職涯資本觀點。未出版碩士論文，臺北：國立臺北大學企業管理學系研究所。