自來水水質水量保護區之涵容能力分析

Analysis of Assimilative Capacity for Tap Water Quality Protection Area

黃民宗(Min-Zong Huang)

指導教授 ： 林鎮洋

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

台灣21 世紀議程國家永續發展願景與策略綱領中，提倡永續環境保護水資源。為維護原水之水質安全，以防止貽害水質之開發行為，確保水資源保育，達成水資源之永續利用。本研究以板新給水廠及永和山水庫等2處自來水水質水量保護區為研究案例，探討各研究區域之特性，選定溶氧、總磷、懸浮固體、氨氮及生化需氧量等5項水質影響因子，並與地面水體分類及水質標準作比較，於總磷水質項目最為欠佳，採用美國環保署之WASP 模式進行模擬分析，且評估其適用性，進而評估水體涵容能力，板新給水廠之總磷及懸浮固體等水質項目明顯超出標準，永和山水庫則以生化需氧量及總磷最為嚴重，進一步分析其參數敏感度，針對水體涵容能力不足之區域，提出各種污染削減策略，分別為未開發區、點源污染削減25%、50%、75%等削減策略，探討各情境分析之風險，結果顯示板新給水廠對於點源污染削減有明顯改善，永和山水庫則不顯著，更證實集污區污染推估非點源污染大於點源污染。本研究亦發現，水工結構物將會影響WASP模式模擬，須劃分此處可使模式之模擬更精確；其水溫、延散係數等參數對於水質變化最為明顯，有助於日後研究自來水水質水量保護區之參考。

關鍵字

涵容能力 ； WASP ； 情境分析

並列摘要

Agenda 21 vision of national sustainable development agenda and strategies in Taiwan, promoting the everlasting environmental protection water resource. In order to safeguard the water quality security of the raw water, the prevent cause trouble to the land use of the water quality, insure the water resource conservation, reach the everlasting exploitation of the water resource. There is two tap water quality protection area including Bensin Water Treatment Plant and Yung-Ho-Shan Reservoir in this research project. Study the characteristic of each research district, the water quality influence factors including DO, TP, SS, NH3-N and BOD were selected after assessment. Also categorize with surface water body standard and water quality standard makes the comparison, in the TP is to bad. The WASP model of the U.S. EPA to imitate the analysis, and evaluate its applicability, then evaluate the headwaters assimilative capacity, the Bensin water item outruns the standard of TP and SS, the Yung-Ho-Shan water item outruns the standard of BOD and TP. Further analytical parameter sensitive degree, aim at the district that the assimilative capacity shortage, put forward various pollution decrease strategy, respectively for untapped and point source pollution to cut down 25%, 50%, 75%. Inquire into the risk of each scenario analysis. The result of Bensin for point source pollution decrease contain obvious improvement, Yung-Ho-Shan is not obvious. Confirming gathering the dirty area of nonpoint source pollution outruns the point source pollution. This research also finds, hydraulic will influence the WASP model emulations, musting divide can make the emulation of the model more accurate. The parameter of water temperature and dispersion coefficient for water quality variety is obvious, contributing to future reference of tap water quality protection area.

並列關鍵字

Assimilative Capacity ； WASP ； Situation Analysis

參考文獻

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