基於結構光之高精度三維輪廓測量系統

隨著科技日漸成熟，三維掃描系統已應用於各個領域，被要求提高其精密度。和高精準度與高單價的雷射掃描系統比較，具有結構光演算法的3D掃描系統相對簡單與便宜。因此，本研究應用高解析度CCD攝影機支援擷取影像，希望能達到雷射掃瞄器的高精準度。為了提高精密度，攝影機與投影機都需要進行精確的校正。因此，本研究是應用迭代優化及光束法平差的方法對攝影機進行校正及參數的優化。更進一步，我們應用局部單應性，計算出投影機影像平面的像素座標系。然後，我們使用投影機-相機的系統模擬為雙立體視覺的校正方式完成校正。在我們實驗中，其相機校正、投影機校正及立體視覺校正之再投影誤差皆在0.5個像素以內。最後，藉由校正後所得到的相對位置關係，我們利用三角測量法計算出待測物與攝影機的位置資訊。這些資訊可以被用來後重建三維圖形架構。

關鍵字

三維輪廓量測系統；結構光；相機校正；投影機校正

並列摘要

As technology matures, 3D scanning systems have been used in various fields and were asked to increase their precision. Compared with the high-precision and high-priced laser scanning system, 3D scanning systems with the structured light algorithm is relatively simple and inexpensive. Hence, our study applies the high-resolution CCD camera to capture images, hoping to achieve a high precision the laser scanner. To improve the precision, both the camera and the projector require the precise calibration. Therefore, this study is to employ the Iterative Refinement and Bundle Adjustment methods for calibrating the camera and optimizing the parameters. Moreover, we apply the local homography to calculate the pixel coordinates of the image plane. Then, we use the projector - camera system to simulate the dual stereo vision correction mode to completely correct. The reprojection error of the camera calibration, projector calibration, and stereo vision calibration is within 0.5 pixel in our design. Finally, obtained by adjusting the relative positional relationship, we use the triangulation method to calculate the positional relationship information between the object and camera. This information can later be used to reconstruct 3D graphics architecture.

並列關鍵字

3-D Shape Measurement System ； Structured Light ； Camera Calibration ； Projector Calibration

參考文獻

[17] 劉咨貝，垂直移動式單CCD光學3D座標量測系統的研究，碩士論文，大同大學機械工程研究所，臺北，2006。

[16] 吳軒孝，雷射線結構光應用於物體表面及3D輪廓之精細量測，碩士論文，國立中央大學光電科學研究所，桃園，2007。

[2] D. Moreno and G. Taubin, “Simple, Accurate, and Robust Projector-Camera Calibration,” 2012 Second Joint 3DIM/3DPVT Conference: 3D Imaging, Modeling, Processing, Visualization & Transmission, pp. 464-471, 2012.

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國際替代計量

基於結構光之高精度三維輪廓測量系統

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