以空氣資源整合模型評估使用都市固體廢棄物衍生燃料之成本效益

The Assessment on Cost-Benefit of Refuse Derived Fuel Made from Municipal Solid Waste by Air Resource Co-Benefit Model

連奕婷(Yi-Ting Lien)

指導教授 ： 曾昭衡

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境工程與管理研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

將都市固體廢棄物製作RDF，可以將廢棄物轉化為能源使用，替代石化燃料，減少GHG排放，亦是邁向循環型社會能源回收再利用之里程。本研究建立的「空氣資源整合模型」可整合評估物質及能源減量時，HDP（SOx、NOx及PM10）及GHG之減量成效，分別以環境成本、環境處理成本及健康成本等量化為貨幣單位，再加上執行該措施之投資及操作成本、節省的燃料成本，整合後可獲得之整體社會成本效益。
藉由本模型評估案例1：都市固體廢棄物製成RDF焚化與直接焚化，以及案例2：水泥旋轉窯以都市固體廢棄物RDF做為輔助燃料之兩案例整體社會成本效益，其中，案例1都市固體廢棄物焚化處理量及性質以台灣地區91~95年平均量4,278,545 ton/yr推估，都市固體廢棄物製成RDF操作參數係採工研院研究資料，案例2水泥旋窯添加都市固體廢棄物RDF做為輔助燃料，以占原燃料總熱值1.0 % 推估，並以兩個案例評估結果探討RDF政策之效益，以供產業及政府的決策者在評估各方案之效益時，可同時兼顧經濟、環保、生態及社會等考量面。
評估結果顯示，都市固體廢棄物製成RDF焚化相較於直接焚化處理方式，減少整體社會成本效益2,588,458,181元及全台灣國民壽命3,087,286人日，亦即每噸都市固體廢棄物製成RDF焚化較直接焚化需增加整體社會成本604元，故本研究結果不建議將都市固體廢棄物製成RDF做為直接焚化之進料。另評估水泥旋窯以都市固體廢棄物RDF做為輔助燃料所增加整體社會成本效益29,222,471元，但卻會減少全台灣國民壽命175,140人日。

關鍵字

都市固體廢棄物 ； 廢棄物衍生燃料 ； 有害空氣污染物 ； 溫室氣體 ； 社會成本效益

並列摘要

By the producing RDF from municipal solid waste, the waste can be converted to energy to substitute fossil fuel and to reduce GHG emission. The application of RDF also can promote recycling-based society and reuse of energy. In this study, an air resource co-benefit model was established to assess overall social cost-benefit of HDP and GHG reduction by individually converting environmental cost, pollutant treatment cost and health cost plus the investment and the operating cost of the model ,the saving cost of fuel to the cost-benefit.
In this article, the study case one compares the application of municipal solid waste RDF, including production and combustion of RDF, to direct combustion of municipal waste. The study case two, on the other hand, assess the overall social cost-benefit of municipal solid waste RDF that used as an aidded fuel in cement Rotary kiln. In the study case one, the treatment amount and properties of municipal solid waste are calculated according to average amount of Incineration treated garbage, i.e. 4,278,545 ton/yr, during 2002 to 2006 in Taiwan. The operational parameters of the RDF production were cited from the study article of Industrial Technology Research Institute. In the study case two, the used amount of the municipal solid waste RDF in cement Rotary kiln to partially substitute coal as an aidded fuel was assumed as 1.0% total heat value of coal. Finally, the efficiencies of policies were also discussed according to the results of study cases one and two. The results can provide industry and government as a reference of policy which can simultaneously consider economics, environment protection, ecology and society.
The result of case one shows that comparing to the direct combustion of municipal solid waste, the RDF application of municipal solid waste will decrease 2,588,458,181 NT dollars of overall social cost-benefit and decrease 3,087,286 man-day of life for Taiwanese. The application of per ton municipal solid waste RDF will increase overall social cost-benefit 604 NT dollars in comparison with direct combustion of municipal solid waste. Therefore, it is not advised that municipal solid waste is converted to the RDF as a substitute fuel. For the case two, the result show that the application of municipal solid waste RDF as an aidded fuel in cement Rotary kiln increases overall social cost-benefit 29,222,471 NT dollars, but decreases 175,140 man-day of life for Taiwanese.

並列關鍵字

Municipal solid ； Refuse Derived Fuel ； Health-Damaging Pollutant ； Greenhouse Gas ； Social Cost-Benefit

參考文獻

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