脈波寬度調變式之三相無刷直流馬達驅動晶片製作

三相無刷直流馬達因其體積小、重量輕、無碳刷磨損及免保養等多項優點，已廣泛應用在電腦上的CD-ROM、DVD-ROM以及VCD、DVD Player和CD隨身聽的主軸馬達上。在本論文中，我們設計製作了一顆以脈波寬度調變方式來驅動三相無刷直流馬達的晶片。該晶片內部架構為整合了霍爾信號處理單元、數位控制單元、功率驅動單元和轉速控制單元等四種不同性質的電路架構。在轉速控制上，我們利用頻率電壓轉換技術提出一種新型雙頻率電壓轉換邏輯控制電路架構，利用D型正反器和邏輯閘組成非同步的取樣電路，依序將理想轉速與實際轉速兩者頻率取樣之後，同時產生三個充放電路所需的控制訊號，再對同一充電電容充電，進而依其頻率的高低產生兩個不同的電壓，再由電壓差大小去調整輸出至馬達的脈波寬度，達到轉速控制的目的。最後我們採用TSMC 0.35μm 2p4m CMOS的製程技術，加以實際設計一顆可控制轉速的三相無刷直流馬達驅動晶片。此晶片面積不包含IO PAD約為676μm×745μm，工作電壓3.3V，脈波寬度調變頻率為15KHz，並可達到200Hz的轉速控制輸入範圍，足供目前光碟機中主軸馬達的轉速應用。

關鍵字

三相無刷直流馬達；脈波寬度調變

並列摘要

Three phase Brushless DC motors are widely used in a number of multimedia devices such as CD-ROM, DVD-ROM and VCD, DVD player’s spindle motors since which have advantages of small size, light weight and the elimination of mechanical commutator and brushes. In this paper, we have designed a chip for driving three phase brushless DC motor using pulse width modulation method. This chip contains hall-signal-process-unit, digital-control-unit, power-driver-unit and speed- control-unit. A new logic control architecture for two frequency-to-voltage converters in speed-control-unit was also present. This circuit is composed of two D-type flip flops and logic gates that can sample two frequencies asynchronous and generate the control signals for FVC. So motor’s actual speed and target speed can be converted to two voltages according to its frequency, then PWM adjust the output to the motor relating to FVC voltage, hence the motor speed can be controlled by frequency instead of tradition voltage control. Eventually, The chip has been manufactured using TSMC CMOS 0.35μm 2p4m technology, The core area is 676μm×745μm, operation voltage is 3.3V, 15KHz ramp generator for PWM and the input range of frequency control is up to 200Hz which can fulfill the requirement for all spindle motors in CD-ROM or DVD-ROM.

並列關鍵字

Three Phase Brushless DC motor ； Pulse Width Modulation.

參考文獻

[1] F.Azais, S.Bernard, Y.Bertrand, X.Michel, M.Renovell, “A low-cost adaptive ramp generator for analog BIST application,” in Proc. of IEEE VLSI Test Symposium, pp. 266-271, 2001.

[2] A.Djemouai, M.A.Sawan, M.Slamani, “High performance integrated CMOS frequency-to-voltage converter,” in Proc. of the Tenth International Conference on Microelectronics,, pp. 63-66, 1998.

[3] A.Djemouai, M.A.Sawan, M.Slamani, “New frequency-locked loop based on CMOS frequency-to-voltage converter: design and implementation,” IEEE Transactions on Analog and Digital Signal Processing, Vol. 48, pp. 441-449, 2001.

[4] J.Dixon, M.Rodriguez, R.Huerta, “Position estimator and simplified current control strategy for brushless-DC motors, using DSP technology,” in Proc. of IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Conference, Vol. 1, pp. 590-596, 2002.

[5] Pavel Grasblum, 3-Phase BLDC Motor Control with Hall Sensors Using DSP56F80x, Motorola, 2002.

國際替代計量

脈波寬度調變式之三相無刷直流馬達驅動晶片製作

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