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  • 學位論文

護理站之用後評估- 探討集中、分散式護理站於醫護人員溝通之影響

Post-occupancy Evaluations of Nursing Stations – Exploring the Effect of Centralized versus Decentralized Nursing Stations on Communication among Staff

指導教授 : 郭乃文
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摘要


中文摘要 論文名稱:護理站之用後評估-探討集中、分散式護理站於醫護人員溝通之影響 研究所名稱:臺北醫學學醫務管理學研究所 研究生姓名:吳喬文 畢業時間:民國九十九學年度 第二學期 指導教授:郭乃文 臺北醫學大學醫務管理學系暨研究所 教授 室內設計的研究者常指出,辦公室佈置對於工作者往往會影響他們的隱私感與彼此之間的溝通方式,進而影響工作績效;更有國外研究指出,工作場所之可見度與可近性在工作人員間之溝通上扮演重要的角色。另一方面,有實證研究顯示,醫護人員之溝通合作關係,將會影響醫療成本控制以及照護品質,甚至是醫護人員工作滿意度,可見良好溝通對於醫護人員之重要性。而對於醫護人員來說,護理站就像是他們的辦公室,其設置的類型是否會影響醫護人員的溝通情形,值得進一步探討。再加上目前國內相關研究仍不多見,因此探討護理站設置類型對於醫護人員溝通之影響有其重要性。 本研究由醫院一般病房護理站切入,從醫護人員的觀點進行空間之用後評估,並且配合焦點團體討論、結構式問卷及社會網絡分析法,探討集中式和分散式兩種不同設計類型護理站之優缺點,以及對於醫護人員溝通互動之影響。研究對象為台北市和彰化各一家區域醫院,分別於集中式和分散式護理站服務之醫護人員,問卷總共發放305份(集中式160份;分散式145份),共計回收之有效問卷273份(集中式142份;分散式131份),有效回收率為89.5%。 焦點團體結果發現,集中式護理站較方便醫護人員相互討論及支援,並且更能解省人力成本。但是分散式護理站能減少醫護人員來回步行所浪費的時間,在找尋病歷以及和家屬解釋病情時也比較不會有干擾等問題。 從問卷資料分析結果發現,在研究樣本中,集中式護理站內醫護人員之諮詢和工作互動網絡的程度及親近中心性,還有醫護人員溝通程度分數皆顯著高於分散式護理站,顯示集中式護理站內醫護人員之間的溝通諮詢及工作互動連結明顯較多,也比較容易可以連結到整個病房護理站內其他所有同事,並且對於在工作時的溝通情形比較滿意;而在諮詢及工作互動網絡居中中心性明顯較高的分散式護理站,因為其設計是在病房內分成數個衛星護理站,醫護人員之間的諮詢和互動連結往往比較需要再透過一層中介關係,要連結到整個病房護理站其他所有同事的困難度就會比較高一點;另外,從觀察網絡結構圖也可以呼應此結果。 雖然這兩種護理站設計有各自的優缺點,但是單就醫護人員相互溝通及互動的情況來看,本研究樣本的集中式護理站明顯比分散式護理站更方便於醫護人員之間相互諮詢和互動。最後建議後續研究者可以針對本研究之限制或不足的部份做更進一步深入探討,提供衛生主管機關及醫院管理者更多寶貴資訊。 關鍵字:用後評估、護理站、溝通

並列摘要


Abstract Title of Thesis: Post-occupancy Evaluations of Nursing Stations – Exploring the Effect of Centralized versus Decentralized Nursing Stations on Communication among Staff Author: Chiao-Wen Wu Thesis Advised by: Nai-Wen Kuo, Ph.D, M.P.H. Objectives: Nursing station is a common space in the hospital. But there were few people understood the importance of nursing station. Without the well-designed nursing station, the hospital may incur unnecessary cost or waste and even decrease the care quality and staff’s job satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the communication and interaction between physicians and nurses, and contrast the situation in centralized nursing stations with the situation in decentralized nursing stations. Methods: The study adopts the focus group discussion, social network analysis and questionnaire. The data was collected from eleven nursing stations. Six of them are centralized nursing stations in a hospital in Taipei city in Taiwan. The others are decentralized nursing stations in a hospital in Changhua county in Taiwan. For the evaluation of communication and interaction situation from the viewpoint of physicians and nurses who works in the centralized and decentralized nursing stations, a self-report instrument with five point Likert scales and a social network questionnaire was written by 185 staff who works in the centralized and decentralized nursing stations. After data collected from nursing stations, multi-methods were used to investigate the post-occupancy evaluation (POE) of nursing stations. Results: The result indicated significant differences between centralized nursing stations and decentralized nursing stations on communication among staff. Further, the findings support all of the hypotheses that centralized stations are significantly higher than decentralized stations on the consultation and working interaction network’s degree and closeness centrality. Besides, decentralized stations are significantly higher than centralized stations on the consultation and working interaction network’s betweenness centrality. Conclusion: Although these two types of nursing station each have its own merits and shortcomings, but in this research, centralized stations are more facilitate the communication and interaction for physicians and nurses than decentralized stations. Some limitations and future directions of the study are discussed. Key word: Post-occupancy Evaluation; Nursing station; Communication

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