規律耐力運動訓練對高血壓患者血壓控制與生活品質改善成效之探討

The Effects of Regular Endurance Exercise Training on Blood Pressure Control and Quality of Life in Patients with Hypertension

陳蓓蒂(Pei-Ti Chen)

指導教授 ： 蔡仁貞

臺北醫學大學/護理學院/護理學研究所/碩士(2002年)

摘要

高血壓為現今工業化社會最盛行的慢性疾病，其引起的併發症對個人 、家庭、社會、及整個醫療環境而言，皆形成一大負擔。而規律運動不僅可控制血壓，還可提高生活品質，故本研究目的在探討高血壓患者經規律耐力運動訓練對血壓控制與生活品質改善之成效。 本研究採準實驗性研究設計，研究對象為台北市某教學醫院心臟內科門診第一級或第二級高血壓患者，以隨機方式，將個案分配至運動組與對照組，完成本研究之個案數為25人，其中運動組15人、對照組10人。運動組依60-70% 之儲備心率，參與為期10週、每週3次的規律耐力運動訓練計劃；對照組則維持平日生活型態。在10週的研究過程中，個案分別於參與運動訓練前、第6週、及第10週，以基本資料表、SF-36生活品質量表、運動測試等進行資料之收集。資料分析採百分比、平均值、標準差、Chi-square、t 檢定（t-test）、重複測量變異數分析（repeated measure ANOVA）、及皮爾森相關分析（Pearson Correlation）。 研究結果發現：（一）高血壓患者經規律耐力運動訓練後，靜態收縮壓呈顯著下降，平均下降13.07 mmHg（p＝0.000），靜態舒張壓平均下降6.27 mmHg（p＝0.000）。（二）高血壓患者經規律耐力運動訓練後，其生活品質各次概念得分以身體生理功能（p＝0.01）、身體疼痛（p＝0.01）、一般健康（p＝0.01）、活力（p＝0.01）、社會功能（p＝0.01）、因情緒角色受限（p＝0.02）等6項次概念呈顯著性增加。（三）經規律耐力運動訓練後，高血壓患者靜態收縮壓下降與身體疼痛次概念得分增加呈顯著正相關（r＝0.55, p＝0.03），靜態舒張壓下降與身體生理功能次概念得分增加亦達顯著正相關（r＝0.53, p＝0.04）。 故綜合以上結果得知，高血壓患者經規律耐力運動訓練後，其靜態收縮壓、舒張壓與生活品質皆達顯著的成效。

關鍵字

高血壓患者 ； 規律耐力運動訓練 ； 血壓控制 ； 生活品質

並列摘要

Hypertension nowadays has become to be one of the most prevalent chronic disease as we might have to draw a highlight to its relatively induced complications caused by high blood pressure in order to take some loads off from those individual patitents, their families, the society, also the entire medical environment that we shared all together. A built-up regular exercise habit is believed to efficiently improve hypertensive patients to get their blood pressure under better control; also to attain better quality of life eventually. The purpose of this study is set to explore the effects of regular endurance exercise training on the blood pressure control and quality of life for those patients with hypertension. A quasi-experimental methodology was applied to guide the study. Targeted objects of this study are patients with grade 1 or grade 2 hypertension, who met the designated criteria of this study were referred by a cardiovascular outpatient service clinic at a teaching hospital in Taipei. Twenty-five patients enrolled in our study that was randomly assigned to either exercise group or comparison group. The exercise group has fifteen persons participated and the control group has ten. The exercise group members were given their individual excise program according to each person’s 60-70 % heart rate reserve to join a ten-week, three times a week exercise endurance training program while the control group remained their living pattern as their usual way. Data were collected by using the personal data chart, SF-36 (Short-Form-36 Health Survey), treadmill exercise testing. And the data collection is based on three different timing which are: before the study, the sixth week, and the tenth week of the study period. Data analysis was conducted in aspects of percentage, average, standard deviation, Chi-square test, t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation in order to probe the effects and correlation of regular endurance exercise training to blood pressure control and quality of life in hypertensive patients. Research outcome showed the numbers as followed: (1) Hypertensive patients’ had made an acknowledged improvement by noticing a figure of 13.07 mmHg (p=0.000) dropping in resting systolic blood pressure and a figure of 6.27 mmHg (p=0.000) decreasing in diastolic blood pressure after regular endurance exercise training. (2) Quality of life scored in sequential concepts as for: physical functioning (p=0.01), body pain (p=0.01), general health condition (p=0.01), vitality (p=0.01), social function (p=0.01), role limitations due to emotional problems (p=0.02), were all revealed an outstanding improvement after regular endurance exercise training was conducted. (3) Hypertensive patients who attended the endurance excise training program had showed that decreased resting systolic blood pressure was highly and positively correlated with the improvement in the subscore of body pain on SF-36 (r=0.55, p=0.03), whereas the decreased diastolic blood pressure was also positively correlated with the subscore of physical functioning on SF-36 (r=0.53, p=0.04). Based on the results of this study, hypertensive patient’s resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure and quality of life was significantly improved after carrying out a regular endurance exercise training, they also get their blood pressure better controlled as well as to have their quality of life enhanced in consequence of this study.

並列關鍵字

patients with hypertension ； regular endurance exercise training ； blood pressure control ； quality of life

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