牙科相關工作人員噪音暴露研究

Noise Exposure of Dentistry Related Workers

陳玟伶(Wen-ling Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳叡瑜

臺北醫學大學/公共衛生暨營養學院/公共衛生學研究所/碩士(2003年)

摘要

目的：評估醫院牙科醫師及牙體技術人員作業環境之噪音暴露情形，並評估工作人員是否因職業噪音暴露引起聽力損失，同時探討工作人員對噪音的主觀感受，以期深入了解噪音對牙科相關工作人員的影響。 方法：以某教學醫院牙科醫師及三家牙體技術公司之牙體技術人員為對象，取得工作人員、器械使用及建物資料後，進行噪音量測、聽力損失評估及噪音煩擾度調查。噪音量測方面，在醫院牙科門診及牙體技術公司進行環境噪音監測及頻譜分析，並測量工作人員之個人噪音劑量；聽力損失評估則針對牙體技術人員實施氣導式純音聽力測定，並透過溝通量表了解語音頻帶聽力損失情形；噪音煩擾度及潛在干擾因子則以問卷訪視取得資料。 結果：環境測定及噪音劑量測量結果顯示，醫院牙科作業環境噪音 (LAeq = 64.19 ± 2.44) 低於牙體技術公司 (LAeq = 70.26 ± 4.51)，且兩者工作人員噪音劑量皆低於我國職業噪音暴露標準 (Dose = 2.84%, 14.98%)。聽力測定結果與全國勞工聽力常模值比對發現，牙體技術人員有聽力閾值提高的現象，且牙體技術人員之聽力閾值改變量與累積噪音劑量有關 (r = 0.3929)。然而聽力損失與個人噪音暴露之間的因果關係仍不明確。部份牙科器械（如：牙體技術人員使用的集塵器）對工作人員造成一定程度的煩擾。 結論：雖然牙科相關作業環境噪音量低於高噪音行業，但工作人員的聽力損失及噪音對他們所造成的煩擾仍是不可忽視的。

關鍵字

牙科 ； 噪音 ； 聽力損失 ； 煩擾度

並列摘要

Objective：The aim of this study is to estimate noise exposure in work places of dentists and dental technicians and to identify if there is occupational noise-induced hearing loss in these workers. Moreover, in order to understand more about the influences of noise on dentistry related workers, their subjective perception to noise is also assessed. Method：Dentists of a teaching hospital and technicians of three dental labs were studied. After collecting information of workers, instruments and buildings, noise measurements, audiometry and annoyance assessments were examined. We measured the environmental noise levels and spectral analysis of the hospital and dental labs and the noise dose of their workers. Estimation of hearing loss was carried out by pure tone hearing tests of dental technicians and scale of communication function, which is helpful on estimating hearing of the subjects’ communicative spectrum. Results：The environmental noise and dose measurements reveals that noise exposure level of dentists and dental technicians are lower than the occupational standards in Taiwan. Dental technicians’ hearing threshold has been shifted in comparison with the normal level of Taiwan workers, and the relationship between cumulative noise dose and hearing loss is significant. Some of the dental instruments have caused various degrees of annoyance. Conclusion：Although the noise level of dentistry related work places is lower than high-noise industries, the hearing loss and the annoyance due to occupational noise cannot be ignored.

並列關鍵字

dentistry ； noise ； hearing-loss ； annoyance

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