金絲草 (Pogonatherum crinitum) 在傳統台灣民間用藥的使用上已行之有年,相關記載咸認其具有消炎、解熱、利尿及止血等主要功能,並已應用於尿道炎、膀胱炎、腎炎和肝炎等多種疾病的治療。過去,我們嘗試以脂多醣 (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) 刺激小鼠巨噬細胞株 (RAW 264.7) 產生大量NO之模式,對金絲草之萃取物進行篩檢,結果顯示金絲草的甲醇萃出物,在50μg/mL的濃度下,可完全抑制NO的產生,且不具任何細胞毒性。鑑於此,遂以金絲草為材料,針對其成分進行一系列的分析、分離、純化與構造解析,計分離、決定出十六個化合物,包括: 二個酚類化合物 (1, 16)、八個黃酮類化合物 (2–10)、一個雙倍半帖類化合物 (11)、一個二?類化合物 (12)、一個固醇類化合物 (13) 和二個去鎂葉綠酸鹽化合物 (14, 15)。其結構經各種光譜的解析鑑定為: 3,4-dihydroxy-cis-cinnamic acid methyl ester (1)、luteolin 6-C-β-fucopyranoside (2)、kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3)、luteolin 6-C-β-boivinopyranoside (4)、luteolin (5)、kaempferol (6)、luteolin 6-C-β-glucopyranoside (7)、rutin (8)、kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (9)、6-trans-(2''-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl) ethenyl-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone (10)、3,7,11,15,19-pentamethyl-2 -cis-6-trans-eicosadien-l-ol (11)、trans-phytol (12)、β-sitosterol (13)、methyl pheophorbide a (14)、pheophytin a (15) 及1-(3',4' -dihydroxycinnamoyl)cyclopenta-2,3-diol (16),其中化合物4和10為新的化合物。此外,生物活性試驗的結果顯示化合物1、4和6對於脂多醣誘導小鼠巨噬細胞株產生NO有抑制效果,其半抑制濃度分別為13.81、34.29和13.22 μM。
Pogonatherum crinitum has long been used in folk medicine to treat urethritis, cystitis, nephritis, hepatitis and many other inflammatory diseases. It has been found that the whole plant MeOH extracts of P. crinitum inhibited 100% NO production in cultured murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 50 μg/mL in our preliminary studies. Therefore, we investigated the chemical constituents of P. crinitum. Totally 16 compounds including two phenolics (1, 16), eight flavanoids (2 - 10), one sesterterpene (11), one diterpene (12), one steroid (13), and two pheophorbides (14, 15) were isolated and identified. Their structures were elucidated to be 3,4-dihydroxy-cis-cinnamic acid methyl ester (1), luteolin 6-C-β-fucopyranoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamno pyranoside (3), luteolin 6-C-β-boivinopyranoside (4), luteolin (5), kaempferol (6), luteolin 6-C-β-glucopyranoside (7), rutin (8), kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (9), 6-trans-(2''-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl)ethenyl-5,7,3',4' -tetrahydroxyflavone (10), 3,7,11,15,19-pentamethyl-2-cis-6-trans -eicosadien-l-ol (11), trans-phytol (12), β-sitosterol (13), methyl pheophorbide a (14), and pheophytin a (15), and 1-(3',4' -dihydroxycinnamoyl)cyclopenta-2,3-diol (16). Of these compounds identified, 4 and 10 are new. In addition, results of biological tests indicated that 1, 4 and 6 exhibited inhibitions of NO production in cultured murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The IC50 values for each were 13.81, 34.29 and 13.22 μM, respectively.
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